Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia
Hemoparasitic diseases represent a significant problem with a considerable impact on tropical and subtropical areas of the world. These conditions cause economic losses associated with multi-organic failure and even the death of animals. In these areas, the hemoparasites are transmitted in an enzoot...
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2025-01-01
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| author | César A. Murcia-Mono Sergio Falla-Tapias Andrés F. Morales Cabrera Laura C. Navia Álvarez Leidy Rivera-Sánchez Yolanda Gómez Vargas William O. Burgos-Paz |
| author_facet | César A. Murcia-Mono Sergio Falla-Tapias Andrés F. Morales Cabrera Laura C. Navia Álvarez Leidy Rivera-Sánchez Yolanda Gómez Vargas William O. Burgos-Paz |
| author_sort | César A. Murcia-Mono |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hemoparasitic diseases represent a significant problem with a considerable impact on tropical and subtropical areas of the world. These conditions cause economic losses associated with multi-organic failure and even the death of animals. In these areas, the hemoparasites are transmitted in an enzootic cycle when infectious cattle, such as persistently infected animals, including cows, contribute to the success of transmission. However, the factors associated with transmission have always been considered environmental issues, disregarding herd management and practices. In this sense, we conducted a cross-sectional study sampling 360 female cattle older than one year to identify infectious cattle using the PCR technique. We employed a dichotomic questionnaire for association analyses in 150 herds of the southern Andean region of Colombia. Overall prevalence with infectious cattle was 52.5% for <i>Babesia</i> spp., <i>Anaplasma</i> spp., and <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp., and the significant risk factors (<i>p</i> < 0.05) included geographic area, animal weight, purchase of cattle for fattening, disinfection of clothing after contact with neighboring animals, self-medication, separation of animals in pens, supply of mineralized salt, presence of livestock from other owners on the farm, prevention of joint trauma, documented milking routine, and sending blood samples for analysis. These practices permitted the maintenance of persistently infected animals and their movement to shed the agents to other animals in the presence of vectors. This suggests the importance of implementing comprehensive control and training measures to reduce the infectious cattle and, therefore, the profitability of dual-purpose livestock farms in the Andean region of southwestern Colombia. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-740ad0b80ddf4ae28e01fcd09ff5b1492025-01-24T13:44:46ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-01-011416210.3390/pathogens14010062Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of ColombiaCésar A. Murcia-Mono0Sergio Falla-Tapias1Andrés F. Morales Cabrera2Laura C. Navia Álvarez3Leidy Rivera-Sánchez4Yolanda Gómez Vargas5William O. Burgos-Paz6Semillero de investigación CIETVET, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Ciencias Afines, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Corporación Universitaria del Huila CORHUILA, Neiva 410010, ColombiaSemillero de investigación CIETVET, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Ciencias Afines, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Corporación Universitaria del Huila CORHUILA, Neiva 410010, ColombiaSemillero de investigación CIETVET, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Ciencias Afines, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Corporación Universitaria del Huila CORHUILA, Neiva 410010, ColombiaSemillero de investigación CIETVET, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Ciencias Afines, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Corporación Universitaria del Huila CORHUILA, Neiva 410010, ColombiaDepartamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa 09040, Ciudad de México, MexicoCentro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, Mosquera 250047, ColombiaCentro de Investigación Turipaná, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, km 13 vía Montería, Cereté 230550, ColombiaHemoparasitic diseases represent a significant problem with a considerable impact on tropical and subtropical areas of the world. These conditions cause economic losses associated with multi-organic failure and even the death of animals. In these areas, the hemoparasites are transmitted in an enzootic cycle when infectious cattle, such as persistently infected animals, including cows, contribute to the success of transmission. However, the factors associated with transmission have always been considered environmental issues, disregarding herd management and practices. In this sense, we conducted a cross-sectional study sampling 360 female cattle older than one year to identify infectious cattle using the PCR technique. We employed a dichotomic questionnaire for association analyses in 150 herds of the southern Andean region of Colombia. Overall prevalence with infectious cattle was 52.5% for <i>Babesia</i> spp., <i>Anaplasma</i> spp., and <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp., and the significant risk factors (<i>p</i> < 0.05) included geographic area, animal weight, purchase of cattle for fattening, disinfection of clothing after contact with neighboring animals, self-medication, separation of animals in pens, supply of mineralized salt, presence of livestock from other owners on the farm, prevention of joint trauma, documented milking routine, and sending blood samples for analysis. These practices permitted the maintenance of persistently infected animals and their movement to shed the agents to other animals in the presence of vectors. This suggests the importance of implementing comprehensive control and training measures to reduce the infectious cattle and, therefore, the profitability of dual-purpose livestock farms in the Andean region of southwestern Colombia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/62vector-borne diseaseshemoparasitesprevalencerisk factorsherd management |
| spellingShingle | César A. Murcia-Mono Sergio Falla-Tapias Andrés F. Morales Cabrera Laura C. Navia Álvarez Leidy Rivera-Sánchez Yolanda Gómez Vargas William O. Burgos-Paz Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia Pathogens vector-borne diseases hemoparasites prevalence risk factors herd management |
| title | Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia |
| title_full | Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia |
| title_fullStr | Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia |
| title_short | Risk Factors Associated with Hemoparasites in Dual-Purpose Cattle of Colombia |
| title_sort | risk factors associated with hemoparasites in dual purpose cattle of colombia |
| topic | vector-borne diseases hemoparasites prevalence risk factors herd management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/62 |
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