BMP-9 mediates fibroproliferation in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva through TGF-β signaling
Abstract Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder presenting with progressive heterotopic ossification (HO) in soft tissues. Early-stage FOP is characterized by recurrent episodes of painful tissue swelling (flare-ups), with numerous proliferation-activated mesenchymal...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
2024-12-01
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| Series: | EMBO Molecular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-024-00174-3 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder presenting with progressive heterotopic ossification (HO) in soft tissues. Early-stage FOP is characterized by recurrent episodes of painful tissue swelling (flare-ups), with numerous proliferation-activated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) subsequently causing HO. However, the mechanisms underlying flare-up progression remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the proliferation of MSCs obtained from FOP patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (FOP-iPSCs) to elucidate the mechanisms underlying flare-ups and found that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-9 mediated enhanced proliferation by abnormal activation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway in MSCs from FOP-iPSCs. In FOP model mice, elevated BMP-9 levels correlated with elevated phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and increased cellular proliferation in the affected tissues, while systemic BMP-9 neutralization and knockout mitigated flare-ups and HO. Thus, BMP-9 aberrantly transduces TGF-β signaling and induces fibroproliferation, initiating flare-ups. This study provides novel insights into the development of future FOP therapies. |
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| ISSN: | 1757-4684 |