Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes
<b>Background</b>: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an infectious disease of the renal system caused by gas-producing microorganisms harboring the kidneys. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disease with hyperglycemia, are particularly susceptible to the EPN as their...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Mahnoor Mahnoor Syeda Aina Ali Saira Nasir Moiz Azmat Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi |
| author_facet | Mahnoor Mahnoor Syeda Aina Ali Saira Nasir Moiz Azmat Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi |
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| description | <b>Background</b>: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an infectious disease of the renal system caused by gas-producing microorganisms harboring the kidneys. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disease with hyperglycemia, are particularly susceptible to the EPN as their immune system is compromised in fighting against infections. <b>Case Description</b>: We present a case of a 50-year-old female with a history of chronic diabetes and persistent hypertension. She presented with symptoms of pyrexia and flank pain. Following findings from ultrasound, she was advised to undergo computed tomographic (CT) scans that reveal air-filled hypodense areas at the upper and mid pole of the right kidney and in the renal pelvis of the right ureter, which confirms the class I EPN in the patient. Urine culture identifies <i>Escherica coli</i> as the causative agent for EPN. The patient was managed with third-generation antibiotics over two weeks, leading to full recovery without surgical intervention. <b>Discussion</b>: The availability of CT imaging makes early diagnosis and reduces mortality associated with EPN. Conservative medical management should be the initial treatment strategy for EPN. However, severe cases require immediate therapeutic action. In our case, the patient was treated with antibiotic therapy and recovered. <b>Conclusions</b>: CT scan seems to be the optimal diagnosis in patients with acute emphysematous pyelonephritis. Patients with EPN class I respond well to medical treatment with excellent outcomes. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2813-7914 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Emergency Care and Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-7193e972c42545288b4c4bf22c3db6d32025-01-24T13:29:57ZengMDPI AGEmergency Care and Medicine2813-79142024-12-011445446010.3390/ecm1040045Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and OutcomesMahnoor Mahnoor0Syeda Aina Ali1Saira Nasir2Moiz Azmat3Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi4Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Radiology, Cantonment General Hospital, Rawalpindi 46000, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Radiology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi 46000, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Islamabad, PakistanChildren’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA 92868, USA<b>Background</b>: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an infectious disease of the renal system caused by gas-producing microorganisms harboring the kidneys. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disease with hyperglycemia, are particularly susceptible to the EPN as their immune system is compromised in fighting against infections. <b>Case Description</b>: We present a case of a 50-year-old female with a history of chronic diabetes and persistent hypertension. She presented with symptoms of pyrexia and flank pain. Following findings from ultrasound, she was advised to undergo computed tomographic (CT) scans that reveal air-filled hypodense areas at the upper and mid pole of the right kidney and in the renal pelvis of the right ureter, which confirms the class I EPN in the patient. Urine culture identifies <i>Escherica coli</i> as the causative agent for EPN. The patient was managed with third-generation antibiotics over two weeks, leading to full recovery without surgical intervention. <b>Discussion</b>: The availability of CT imaging makes early diagnosis and reduces mortality associated with EPN. Conservative medical management should be the initial treatment strategy for EPN. However, severe cases require immediate therapeutic action. In our case, the patient was treated with antibiotic therapy and recovered. <b>Conclusions</b>: CT scan seems to be the optimal diagnosis in patients with acute emphysematous pyelonephritis. Patients with EPN class I respond well to medical treatment with excellent outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2813-7914/1/4/45emphysematous pyelonephritistype 2 diabetescomputed tomography<i>Escherica coli</i> |
| spellingShingle | Mahnoor Mahnoor Syeda Aina Ali Saira Nasir Moiz Azmat Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes Emergency Care and Medicine emphysematous pyelonephritis type 2 diabetes computed tomography <i>Escherica coli</i> |
| title | Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes |
| title_full | Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes |
| title_fullStr | Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes |
| title_short | Examining Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Study on Diagnosis and Outcomes |
| title_sort | examining emphysematous pyelonephritis a case study on diagnosis and outcomes |
| topic | emphysematous pyelonephritis type 2 diabetes computed tomography <i>Escherica coli</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-7914/1/4/45 |
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