<i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i> Infections and Associated Antimicrobial Resistance in Canada, 1980–2023

<i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i> Infections and Associated Antimicrobial Resistance in Canada, 1980–2023

Background: We aimed to describe trends in <i>M. genitalium</i> prevalence and associated resistance in Canada between 1980 and 2022. Methods: Ecological study and a scoping review. We collected publicly available data published by the governments of all Canadian provinces and territorie...

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Main Authors: Angela Copete, Mariana Herrera, Camilo Suarez-Ariza, Zipporah Gitau, Maria Arango-Uribe, Rotem Keynan, Camila Oda, Ameeta E. Singh, Stuart Skinner, Cara Spence, Will Riaño, Lauren J. MacKenzie, Ken Kasper, Laurie Ireland, Irene Martin, Jared Bullard, Lucelly Lopez, Diana Marin, Margaret Haworth-Brockman, Yoav Keynan, Zulma Vanessa Rueda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
Subjects:
Canada
<i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i>
macrolide resistance mutations
fluoroquinolone resistance mutations
scoping review
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/5/139
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Summary:Background: We aimed to describe trends in <i>M. genitalium</i> prevalence and associated resistance in Canada between 1980 and 2022. Methods: Ecological study and a scoping review. We collected publicly available data published by the governments of all Canadian provinces and territories. We also systematically searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, and grey literature using the keywords ‘<i>M. genitalium</i>’, ‘Canada’, and all provinces and territories. We reported <i>M. genitalium</i> prevalence, age, sex, gender, symptoms, coinfections, sample types used for diagnosis, and macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance rates. Results: National or provincial surveillance systems for <i>M. genitalium</i> are absent. Eight studies reported the epidemiology of <i>M. genitalium.</i> The prevalence ranged between 3% in Quebec and 30.3% in Ontario. Half of the patients reported symptoms. The most collected sample for <i>M. genitalium</i> diagnosis was urine, followed by cervical and urethral swabs. Co-infection with <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> was reported in 3.3% to 16.4% of cases and with <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> in 0.0% to 24.0%. Macrolide resistance ranged between 25% and 82.1%, and fluoroquinolone resistance between 0.0% and 29.1%. Conclusions: <i>M. genitalium</i> prevalence and resistance rates varied by sex, gender, province, and specimen type. In the absence of routine surveillance, incomplete data hinders understanding the bacterium’s natural history, its impact on some key groups, and the tracking of antibiotic resistance.
ISSN:2414-6366

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