The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling
Mutual coupling severely impact Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation, and the existence of mutual coupling can lead to significant errors in the received signal model of the array. Using algorithms to reduce it is an effective approach. Few algorithms are suitable for nested arrays, and due to inco...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10855396/ |
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| author | Shun He Nan Sun Zhiwei Yang Le Qin |
| author_facet | Shun He Nan Sun Zhiwei Yang Le Qin |
| author_sort | Shun He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mutual coupling severely impact Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation, and the existence of mutual coupling can lead to significant errors in the received signal model of the array. Using algorithms to reduce it is an effective approach. Few algorithms are suitable for nested arrays, and due to incomplete elimination or the loss of some data, they performance deteriorates in the small number of snapshot and low signal-to-noise ratio environments. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Virtual Domain Block Matching DOA estimation algorithm for nested arrays in mutual coupling. The algorithm begins by partitioning the mutual coupling matrix of nested arrays, then applies a classical separation method used in Uniform Linear Array to obtain the separation parameters. Next, it reconstructs an equivalent single-snapshot received data vector in the virtual domain. A sparse reconstruction optimization model is then formulated by exploiting signal sparsity and virtual domain block matching. Solving this model provides a block representation of DOA estimation, where the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm of each block yields the DOA estimation for the actual incident signals. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that this algorithm fully utilizes the high degrees of freedom of the nested arrays to achieve underestimation under unknown mutual coupling and maintains high accuracy in small snapshot and low SNR. Additionally, the algorithm is not sensitive to the grid’s size. The experimental results show that this algorithm outperforms several existing methods. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-702dd2170d6a428fafaa8b8ede2bf797 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-702dd2170d6a428fafaa8b8ede2bf7972025-01-31T23:05:11ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113204272043610.1109/ACCESS.2025.353484110855396The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual CouplingShun He0Nan Sun1https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1304-9670Zhiwei Yang2Le Qin3https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1549-6190School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, ChinaNational Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, ChinaMutual coupling severely impact Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation, and the existence of mutual coupling can lead to significant errors in the received signal model of the array. Using algorithms to reduce it is an effective approach. Few algorithms are suitable for nested arrays, and due to incomplete elimination or the loss of some data, they performance deteriorates in the small number of snapshot and low signal-to-noise ratio environments. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Virtual Domain Block Matching DOA estimation algorithm for nested arrays in mutual coupling. The algorithm begins by partitioning the mutual coupling matrix of nested arrays, then applies a classical separation method used in Uniform Linear Array to obtain the separation parameters. Next, it reconstructs an equivalent single-snapshot received data vector in the virtual domain. A sparse reconstruction optimization model is then formulated by exploiting signal sparsity and virtual domain block matching. Solving this model provides a block representation of DOA estimation, where the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm of each block yields the DOA estimation for the actual incident signals. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that this algorithm fully utilizes the high degrees of freedom of the nested arrays to achieve underestimation under unknown mutual coupling and maintains high accuracy in small snapshot and low SNR. Additionally, the algorithm is not sensitive to the grid’s size. The experimental results show that this algorithm outperforms several existing methods.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10855396/Mutual couplingdirection of arrivalvirtual domain block matchingnested arraydegrees of freedom |
| spellingShingle | Shun He Nan Sun Zhiwei Yang Le Qin The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling IEEE Access Mutual coupling direction of arrival virtual domain block matching nested array degrees of freedom |
| title | The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling |
| title_full | The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling |
| title_fullStr | The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling |
| title_full_unstemmed | The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling |
| title_short | The DOA Estimation Algorithm Based on Virtual Domain Block Matching for Nested Arrays in the Presence of Mutual Coupling |
| title_sort | doa estimation algorithm based on virtual domain block matching for nested arrays in the presence of mutual coupling |
| topic | Mutual coupling direction of arrival virtual domain block matching nested array degrees of freedom |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10855396/ |
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