On-Shell Calculation of Low-Energy Photon–Photon Scattering

Although photon–photon scattering does not exist at the tree level, this is no longer the case at loop order and was first calculated by Euler and Heisenberg. The existence of this phenomenon has now been confirmed experimentally by the ATLAS collaboration and plays a small but important role in the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Barry R. Holstein
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Universe
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/11/5/134
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Although photon–photon scattering does not exist at the tree level, this is no longer the case at loop order and was first calculated by Euler and Heisenberg. The existence of this phenomenon has now been confirmed experimentally by the ATLAS collaboration and plays a small but important role in the calculation of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>μ</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-2. We show how the low-energy form of the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> scattering amplitude can be determined via causal (on-shell) methods using Compton scattering helicity amplitudes as input for the case of charged S = 0, S = <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and S = 1 intermediate state fields.
ISSN:2218-1997