Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities
Abstract Background Today, the screening of fetal abnormalities during pregnancy is used as one of the components of the prenatal care worldwide, and many abnormalities are detected by ultrasound during pregnancy. On the other hand, the possibility of an abnormality in the fetus causes worry and anx...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Reproductive Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-024-01925-8 |
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| author | Maryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian Morvarid Irani Alireza Afshari-Safavi Fatemeh Keramati Roya Ram Tooba Farazmand |
| author_facet | Maryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian Morvarid Irani Alireza Afshari-Safavi Fatemeh Keramati Roya Ram Tooba Farazmand |
| author_sort | Maryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Today, the screening of fetal abnormalities during pregnancy is used as one of the components of the prenatal care worldwide, and many abnormalities are detected by ultrasound during pregnancy. On the other hand, the possibility of an abnormality in the fetus causes worry and anxiety in pregnant women. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing fetal abnormalities. Methods This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 275 pregnant women with a gestational age of 16 to 18 weeks. They were referred by health centers, midwives, or gynecologists to determine fetal abnormalities according to the national guidelines of Iran for ultrasound scan anomalies. Pregnancy imaging was performed in Bojnurd city between April and December 2023. The data collection tools included a pregnancy-personal characteristics questionnaire, Goldberg general health standard questionnaire, Cambridge anxiety, and Spielberger anxiety scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics tests, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and generalized linear models (GLM). A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered statistically. Results The average age of the participants was 28.13 ± 6.17 years. The average total score of general health was 15.49 ± 7.14, while the average total worry and anxiety scores were 16.81 ± 11.74 and 45.12 ± 6.06, respectively. A positive and significant correlation was observed between general health and worry (r = 0.374), as well as between general health and anxiety (r = 0.160). Additionally, based on the test of generalized linear models, education (beta coefficient = − 3.208 and p = 0.008) and type of pregnancy (beta coefficient = − 2.323 and p = 0.029) were related to general health. Conclusion The present findings demonstrate a relationship between the general health and worry and anxiety levels of pregnant women at risk of abnormality diagnosis. Pregnant women who are anxious and worried tend to have lower general health levels. Understanding this relationship between worry, anxiety, and the general health of pregnant women can provide useful information to policymakers and health planners to improve the health of expectant mothers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6faad47ec00b405aa443e926ef6d1cd2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1742-4755 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Reproductive Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-6faad47ec00b405aa443e926ef6d1cd22025-01-19T12:25:47ZengBMCReproductive Health1742-47552025-01-012211810.1186/s12978-024-01925-8Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalitiesMaryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian0Morvarid Irani1Alireza Afshari-Safavi2Fatemeh Keramati3Roya Ram4Tooba Farazmand5Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Biostatics and Epidemiology, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesSchool of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesSchool of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Today, the screening of fetal abnormalities during pregnancy is used as one of the components of the prenatal care worldwide, and many abnormalities are detected by ultrasound during pregnancy. On the other hand, the possibility of an abnormality in the fetus causes worry and anxiety in pregnant women. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing fetal abnormalities. Methods This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 275 pregnant women with a gestational age of 16 to 18 weeks. They were referred by health centers, midwives, or gynecologists to determine fetal abnormalities according to the national guidelines of Iran for ultrasound scan anomalies. Pregnancy imaging was performed in Bojnurd city between April and December 2023. The data collection tools included a pregnancy-personal characteristics questionnaire, Goldberg general health standard questionnaire, Cambridge anxiety, and Spielberger anxiety scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics tests, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and generalized linear models (GLM). A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered statistically. Results The average age of the participants was 28.13 ± 6.17 years. The average total score of general health was 15.49 ± 7.14, while the average total worry and anxiety scores were 16.81 ± 11.74 and 45.12 ± 6.06, respectively. A positive and significant correlation was observed between general health and worry (r = 0.374), as well as between general health and anxiety (r = 0.160). Additionally, based on the test of generalized linear models, education (beta coefficient = − 3.208 and p = 0.008) and type of pregnancy (beta coefficient = − 2.323 and p = 0.029) were related to general health. Conclusion The present findings demonstrate a relationship between the general health and worry and anxiety levels of pregnant women at risk of abnormality diagnosis. Pregnant women who are anxious and worried tend to have lower general health levels. Understanding this relationship between worry, anxiety, and the general health of pregnant women can provide useful information to policymakers and health planners to improve the health of expectant mothers.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-024-01925-8General healthWorryAnxietyFetal abnormality screening |
| spellingShingle | Maryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian Morvarid Irani Alireza Afshari-Safavi Fatemeh Keramati Roya Ram Tooba Farazmand Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities Reproductive Health General health Worry Anxiety Fetal abnormality screening |
| title | Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities |
| title_full | Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities |
| title_short | Evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities |
| title_sort | evaluation of the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing abnormalities |
| topic | General health Worry Anxiety Fetal abnormality screening |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-024-01925-8 |
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