Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review

Wearable technology has advanced significantly, offering real-time monitoring of athletes’ physiological parameters and optimizing training and recovery strategies. Recent developments focus on biosensor devices capable of monitoring biochemical parameters in addition to physiological ones. These de...

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Main Authors: Graziana Assalve, Paola Lunetti, Alessandra Di Cagno, Ernesto William De Luca, Stefano Aldegheri, Vincenzo Zara, Alessandra Ferramosca
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Biosensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/14/12/574
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author Graziana Assalve
Paola Lunetti
Alessandra Di Cagno
Ernesto William De Luca
Stefano Aldegheri
Vincenzo Zara
Alessandra Ferramosca
author_facet Graziana Assalve
Paola Lunetti
Alessandra Di Cagno
Ernesto William De Luca
Stefano Aldegheri
Vincenzo Zara
Alessandra Ferramosca
author_sort Graziana Assalve
collection DOAJ
description Wearable technology has advanced significantly, offering real-time monitoring of athletes’ physiological parameters and optimizing training and recovery strategies. Recent developments focus on biosensor devices capable of monitoring biochemical parameters in addition to physiological ones. These devices employ noninvasive methods such as sweat analysis, which reveals critical biomarkers like glucose, lactate, electrolytes, pH, and cortisol. These biomarkers provide valuable insights into an athlete’s energy use, hydration status, muscle function, and stress levels. Current technologies utilize both electrochemical and colorimetric methods for sweat analysis, with electrochemical methods providing higher precision despite potential signal interference. Wearable devices such as epidermal patches, temporary tattoos, and fabric-based sensors are preferred for their flexibility and unobtrusive nature compared to more rigid conventional wearables. Such devices leverage advanced materials and transmit real-time data to computers, tablets, or smartphones. These data would aid coaches and sports medical personnel in monitoring athletes’ health, optimizing diets, and developing training plans to enhance performance and reduce injuries.
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publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biosensors
spelling doaj-art-6f7538fd8e254d6bab9a3c2e210b6d8f2025-08-20T02:57:12ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742024-11-01141257410.3390/bios14120574Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive ReviewGraziana Assalve0Paola Lunetti1Alessandra Di Cagno2Ernesto William De Luca3Stefano Aldegheri4Vincenzo Zara5Alessandra Ferramosca6Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Engineering Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Engineering Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyWearable technology has advanced significantly, offering real-time monitoring of athletes’ physiological parameters and optimizing training and recovery strategies. Recent developments focus on biosensor devices capable of monitoring biochemical parameters in addition to physiological ones. These devices employ noninvasive methods such as sweat analysis, which reveals critical biomarkers like glucose, lactate, electrolytes, pH, and cortisol. These biomarkers provide valuable insights into an athlete’s energy use, hydration status, muscle function, and stress levels. Current technologies utilize both electrochemical and colorimetric methods for sweat analysis, with electrochemical methods providing higher precision despite potential signal interference. Wearable devices such as epidermal patches, temporary tattoos, and fabric-based sensors are preferred for their flexibility and unobtrusive nature compared to more rigid conventional wearables. Such devices leverage advanced materials and transmit real-time data to computers, tablets, or smartphones. These data would aid coaches and sports medical personnel in monitoring athletes’ health, optimizing diets, and developing training plans to enhance performance and reduce injuries.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/14/12/574biosensorscortisolelectrolytesglucoselactatepH
spellingShingle Graziana Assalve
Paola Lunetti
Alessandra Di Cagno
Ernesto William De Luca
Stefano Aldegheri
Vincenzo Zara
Alessandra Ferramosca
Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
Biosensors
biosensors
cortisol
electrolytes
glucose
lactate
pH
title Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
title_full Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
title_fullStr Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
title_full_unstemmed Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
title_short Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
title_sort advanced wearable devices for monitoring sweat biochemical markers in athletic performance a comprehensive review
topic biosensors
cortisol
electrolytes
glucose
lactate
pH
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/14/12/574
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AT ernestowilliamdeluca advancedwearabledevicesformonitoringsweatbiochemicalmarkersinathleticperformanceacomprehensivereview
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