Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review
Atmospheric carbonyl compounds have significant impacts on the atmospheric environment and human health, making the selection of appropriate analytical techniques crucial for accurately detecting these compounds in specific environments. Based on extensive literature research, this study summarized...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/1/107 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832589121862762496 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaoshuai Gao Xin Zhang Yan Nie Jiemeng Bao Junling Li Rui Gao Yunfeng Li Wei Wei Xiaoyu Yan Yongxin Yan Hong Li |
| author_facet | Xiaoshuai Gao Xin Zhang Yan Nie Jiemeng Bao Junling Li Rui Gao Yunfeng Li Wei Wei Xiaoyu Yan Yongxin Yan Hong Li |
| author_sort | Xiaoshuai Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atmospheric carbonyl compounds have significant impacts on the atmospheric environment and human health, making the selection of appropriate analytical techniques crucial for accurately detecting these compounds in specific environments. Based on extensive literature research, this study summarized the development history, relevant features, and applicable scenarios of the main analytical techniques for atmospheric carbonyl compounds; pointed out the main problems and challenges in this field; and discussed the needs and prospects of future research and application. It was found that the direct sampling methods of atmospheric carbonyl compounds were applicable to low-molecular-weight carbonyl species with low reactivity, low boiling points, high polarity, and high volatility, while indirect sampling methods were suitable for a wider range and various types and phases of species. For formaldehyde, offline detection was primarily influenced by chemical reagents and reaction conditions, whereas online monitoring relied on sufficiently stable operating environments. For multiple carbonyl compounds, offline detection results were greatly influenced by detectors coupled with chromatography, whereas online monitoring techniques were applicable to all types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including some carbonyl compounds, providing higher temporal resolution and improved isomer identification with the development of online mass spectrometry. The combined use of proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was suitable for the detection of carbonyl compounds in atmospheric photochemical smog chamber simulation studies. Currently, offline analytical techniques for carbonyl compounds require significant time and advanced experimental skills for multiple optimization experiments to detect a broader range of species. Online monitoring techniques face challenges such as poor stability and limited species coverage. In smog chamber simulation studies, the detection of carbonyl compounds is heavily influenced by both the sampling system and the chamber itself. Future efforts should focus on improving the environmental adaptability and automation of carbonyl compound analytical techniques, the synergistic use of various techniques, developing new sampling systems, and reducing the impact of the chamber itself on carbonyl compound detection, in order to enhance detection sensitivity, selectivity, time resolution, accuracy, and operability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6f5a2681da84476784cf93906a89381b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj-art-6f5a2681da84476784cf93906a89381b2025-01-24T13:22:03ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-01-0116110710.3390/atmos16010107Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A ReviewXiaoshuai Gao0Xin Zhang1Yan Nie2Jiemeng Bao3Junling Li4Rui Gao5Yunfeng Li6Wei Wei7Xiaoyu Yan8Yongxin Yan9Hong Li10Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaChinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaAtmospheric carbonyl compounds have significant impacts on the atmospheric environment and human health, making the selection of appropriate analytical techniques crucial for accurately detecting these compounds in specific environments. Based on extensive literature research, this study summarized the development history, relevant features, and applicable scenarios of the main analytical techniques for atmospheric carbonyl compounds; pointed out the main problems and challenges in this field; and discussed the needs and prospects of future research and application. It was found that the direct sampling methods of atmospheric carbonyl compounds were applicable to low-molecular-weight carbonyl species with low reactivity, low boiling points, high polarity, and high volatility, while indirect sampling methods were suitable for a wider range and various types and phases of species. For formaldehyde, offline detection was primarily influenced by chemical reagents and reaction conditions, whereas online monitoring relied on sufficiently stable operating environments. For multiple carbonyl compounds, offline detection results were greatly influenced by detectors coupled with chromatography, whereas online monitoring techniques were applicable to all types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including some carbonyl compounds, providing higher temporal resolution and improved isomer identification with the development of online mass spectrometry. The combined use of proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was suitable for the detection of carbonyl compounds in atmospheric photochemical smog chamber simulation studies. Currently, offline analytical techniques for carbonyl compounds require significant time and advanced experimental skills for multiple optimization experiments to detect a broader range of species. Online monitoring techniques face challenges such as poor stability and limited species coverage. In smog chamber simulation studies, the detection of carbonyl compounds is heavily influenced by both the sampling system and the chamber itself. Future efforts should focus on improving the environmental adaptability and automation of carbonyl compound analytical techniques, the synergistic use of various techniques, developing new sampling systems, and reducing the impact of the chamber itself on carbonyl compound detection, in order to enhance detection sensitivity, selectivity, time resolution, accuracy, and operability.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/1/107atmospheric carbonylssampling methodsoffline analytical methodsonline analytical methodsproblems and challengesprospect |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoshuai Gao Xin Zhang Yan Nie Jiemeng Bao Junling Li Rui Gao Yunfeng Li Wei Wei Xiaoyu Yan Yongxin Yan Hong Li Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review Atmosphere atmospheric carbonyls sampling methods offline analytical methods online analytical methods problems and challenges prospect |
| title | Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review |
| title_full | Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review |
| title_short | Analytical Methods for Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds: A Review |
| title_sort | analytical methods for atmospheric carbonyl compounds a review |
| topic | atmospheric carbonyls sampling methods offline analytical methods online analytical methods problems and challenges prospect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/1/107 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaoshuaigao analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT xinzhang analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT yannie analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT jiemengbao analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT junlingli analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT ruigao analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT yunfengli analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT weiwei analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT xiaoyuyan analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT yongxinyan analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview AT hongli analyticalmethodsforatmosphericcarbonylcompoundsareview |