Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure

Due to its endocrine-disrupting effects and neurotoxicity, Bisphenol A (BPA) has been banned from some products and some countries; therefore, alternatives are increasingly being used. Studies have been performed to evaluate internal Bisphenol analogue (BP) exposure in children, adolescents and adul...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xinjie Duan, Mengyuan Liang, Beibei Wei, Jie Gu, Qian Zhao, Guixiang Ji, Shengyang Jin, Huanhuan Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/4/259
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850180054755049472
author Xinjie Duan
Mengyuan Liang
Beibei Wei
Jie Gu
Qian Zhao
Guixiang Ji
Shengyang Jin
Huanhuan Chen
author_facet Xinjie Duan
Mengyuan Liang
Beibei Wei
Jie Gu
Qian Zhao
Guixiang Ji
Shengyang Jin
Huanhuan Chen
author_sort Xinjie Duan
collection DOAJ
description Due to its endocrine-disrupting effects and neurotoxicity, Bisphenol A (BPA) has been banned from some products and some countries; therefore, alternatives are increasingly being used. Studies have been performed to evaluate internal Bisphenol analogue (BP) exposure in children, adolescents and adults; however, little information on elderly age groups is available. In this study, a cohort of 161 senior residents aged 60–70 years, from a coastal residential district in Jiangsu Province of China, was selected, and blood samples were collected from these individuals to evaluate internal BP exposure. The serum concentrations of eleven BPs (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPS, BPZ, BPP, BPAF, BPAP and TBBPA) were quantitatively determined by HPLC-MS/MS. In parallel, demographic and dietary surveys were conducted, and the potential association between BP levels and dietary habits was analyzed. Noteworthily, the detection rate of 10 BPs in serum samples exceeded 78%. Of all the BPs, BPA displayed the highest level, followed by BPAF, BPB, and BPS. Interestingly, the levels of most types of BPs in males were higher than those in females, and individuals above 65 years of age exhibited significantly higher BPA levels. Dietary analysis indicated a significant correlation between meat consumption and BP levels, implying that this is an important source of BP exposure. The current study uncovers previously unknown aspects of BPs exposure, characterized by high internal BP levels in the elderly, and risk factors such as gender and meat consumption. This offers valuable insights for preventing region-specific BP exposure in the elderly.
format Article
id doaj-art-6f015e7b4ebe4e0aab3cd2e7ebb3acf3
institution OA Journals
issn 2305-6304
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Toxics
spelling doaj-art-6f015e7b4ebe4e0aab3cd2e7ebb3acf32025-08-20T02:18:20ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-03-0113425910.3390/toxics13040259Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary ExposureXinjie Duan0Mengyuan Liang1Beibei Wei2Jie Gu3Qian Zhao4Guixiang Ji5Shengyang Jin6Huanhuan Chen7Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210029, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, No. 8, Jiangwangmiao Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210029, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, No. 8, Jiangwangmiao Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Nanjing Liuhe District People’s Hospital, No. 28, Yanan Road, Liuhe District, Nanjing 211500, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, No. 8, Jiangwangmiao Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, ChinaDevelopment Area Branch of Lianyungang Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, No. 601, Huaguoshan Road, Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Area, Lianyungang 222069, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDue to its endocrine-disrupting effects and neurotoxicity, Bisphenol A (BPA) has been banned from some products and some countries; therefore, alternatives are increasingly being used. Studies have been performed to evaluate internal Bisphenol analogue (BP) exposure in children, adolescents and adults; however, little information on elderly age groups is available. In this study, a cohort of 161 senior residents aged 60–70 years, from a coastal residential district in Jiangsu Province of China, was selected, and blood samples were collected from these individuals to evaluate internal BP exposure. The serum concentrations of eleven BPs (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPS, BPZ, BPP, BPAF, BPAP and TBBPA) were quantitatively determined by HPLC-MS/MS. In parallel, demographic and dietary surveys were conducted, and the potential association between BP levels and dietary habits was analyzed. Noteworthily, the detection rate of 10 BPs in serum samples exceeded 78%. Of all the BPs, BPA displayed the highest level, followed by BPAF, BPB, and BPS. Interestingly, the levels of most types of BPs in males were higher than those in females, and individuals above 65 years of age exhibited significantly higher BPA levels. Dietary analysis indicated a significant correlation between meat consumption and BP levels, implying that this is an important source of BP exposure. The current study uncovers previously unknown aspects of BPs exposure, characterized by high internal BP levels in the elderly, and risk factors such as gender and meat consumption. This offers valuable insights for preventing region-specific BP exposure in the elderly.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/4/259bisphenol analoguesinternal exposureinfluencing factorsexposure assessment
spellingShingle Xinjie Duan
Mengyuan Liang
Beibei Wei
Jie Gu
Qian Zhao
Guixiang Ji
Shengyang Jin
Huanhuan Chen
Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure
Toxics
bisphenol analogues
internal exposure
influencing factors
exposure assessment
title Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure
title_full Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure
title_fullStr Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure
title_full_unstemmed Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure
title_short Internal Bisphenol Analogue Exposure in an Elderly Chinese Population: Knowledge from Dietary Exposure
title_sort internal bisphenol analogue exposure in an elderly chinese population knowledge from dietary exposure
topic bisphenol analogues
internal exposure
influencing factors
exposure assessment
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/4/259
work_keys_str_mv AT xinjieduan internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT mengyuanliang internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT beibeiwei internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT jiegu internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT qianzhao internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT guixiangji internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT shengyangjin internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure
AT huanhuanchen internalbisphenolanalogueexposureinanelderlychinesepopulationknowledgefromdietaryexposure