Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat

Abstract Cardiomyocytes exhibit significant cell‐to‐cell variability due to differences in protein expression and post‐translational modifications in the cell membrane and the intracellular machinery. Resulting variability in action potential propagation and configuration is proposed to promote arrh...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Karoline Horgmo Jæger, William E. Louch, Aslak Tveito
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-07-01
Series:Physiological Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70461
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849431125876801536
author Karoline Horgmo Jæger
William E. Louch
Aslak Tveito
author_facet Karoline Horgmo Jæger
William E. Louch
Aslak Tveito
author_sort Karoline Horgmo Jæger
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Cardiomyocytes exhibit significant cell‐to‐cell variability due to differences in protein expression and post‐translational modifications in the cell membrane and the intracellular machinery. Resulting variability in action potential propagation and configuration is proposed to promote arrhythmia. However, such effects may be suppressed by tight electrical coupling of cells in the healthy heart, but not during pathological conditions where gap junction function is impaired. To investigate this, we employed a cell‐based mathematical model of cardiac electrophysiology, in which we systematically modified properties of individual cells and intercellular electrical connectivity (gap junctions). Despite the inclusion of marked variation in properties between cells, we observed electrical homogeneity when cells were well coupled. In contrast, lower and/or more variable gap junction connectivity resulted in nonhomogeneous action potential configuration and irregular timing of the depolarizing and repolarizing electrical wavefronts. Pro‐arrhythmic early after depolarizations also occurred under these conditions. These effects were effectively dampened in highly coupled cells. Nevertheless, differences in calcium homeostasis were not negated by gap junction coupling, indicating a limit to which electrical connections can homogenize mechanical function. Our findings underscore the critical role of intercellular coupling in maintaining cardiac stability and highlight the importance of studying cardiomyocytes within a syncytium rather than in isolation.
format Article
id doaj-art-6ec04e0aa3ea4ba59238ca8b452de879
institution Kabale University
issn 2051-817X
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Physiological Reports
spelling doaj-art-6ec04e0aa3ea4ba59238ca8b452de8792025-08-20T03:27:44ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2025-07-011313n/an/a10.14814/phy2.70461Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeatKaroline Horgmo Jæger0William E. Louch1Aslak Tveito2Simula Research Laboratory Oslo NorwayInstitute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo Oslo NorwaySimula Research Laboratory Oslo NorwayAbstract Cardiomyocytes exhibit significant cell‐to‐cell variability due to differences in protein expression and post‐translational modifications in the cell membrane and the intracellular machinery. Resulting variability in action potential propagation and configuration is proposed to promote arrhythmia. However, such effects may be suppressed by tight electrical coupling of cells in the healthy heart, but not during pathological conditions where gap junction function is impaired. To investigate this, we employed a cell‐based mathematical model of cardiac electrophysiology, in which we systematically modified properties of individual cells and intercellular electrical connectivity (gap junctions). Despite the inclusion of marked variation in properties between cells, we observed electrical homogeneity when cells were well coupled. In contrast, lower and/or more variable gap junction connectivity resulted in nonhomogeneous action potential configuration and irregular timing of the depolarizing and repolarizing electrical wavefronts. Pro‐arrhythmic early after depolarizations also occurred under these conditions. These effects were effectively dampened in highly coupled cells. Nevertheless, differences in calcium homeostasis were not negated by gap junction coupling, indicating a limit to which electrical connections can homogenize mechanical function. Our findings underscore the critical role of intercellular coupling in maintaining cardiac stability and highlight the importance of studying cardiomyocytes within a syncytium rather than in isolation.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70461cardiac electrophysiologycardiac myocytescell‐based modelingcellular variabilityheterogeneity
spellingShingle Karoline Horgmo Jæger
William E. Louch
Aslak Tveito
Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
Physiological Reports
cardiac electrophysiology
cardiac myocytes
cell‐based modeling
cellular variability
heterogeneity
title Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
title_full Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
title_fullStr Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
title_full_unstemmed Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
title_short Reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
title_sort reduced gap junction coupling amplifies the effects of cardiomyocyte variability and destabilizes the heartbeat
topic cardiac electrophysiology
cardiac myocytes
cell‐based modeling
cellular variability
heterogeneity
url https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70461
work_keys_str_mv AT karolinehorgmojæger reducedgapjunctioncouplingamplifiestheeffectsofcardiomyocytevariabilityanddestabilizestheheartbeat
AT williamelouch reducedgapjunctioncouplingamplifiestheeffectsofcardiomyocytevariabilityanddestabilizestheheartbeat
AT aslaktveito reducedgapjunctioncouplingamplifiestheeffectsofcardiomyocytevariabilityanddestabilizestheheartbeat