Consumption of Nitrogen Fertilizers in the EU—External Costs of Their Production by Country of Application

The production of nitrogen fertilizers results in multiple negative environmental impacts. A particularly important aspect is its energy consumption. Analyses covering the product’s life cycle indicate that the greatest environmental harm is generated at the stage of production due to the resulting...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Agnieszka Sobolewska, Marcin Bukowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/3/224
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