Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles
We have recently shown that tubular form of rotavirus (RV) recombinant VP6 protein has an in vivo adjuvant effect on the immunogenicity of norovirus (NoV) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidate. In here, we investigated in vitro effect of VP6 on antigen presenting cell (APC) activation and matu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9171632 |
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| author | Maria Malm Kirsi Tamminen Suvi Lappalainen Timo Vesikari Vesna Blazevic |
| author_facet | Maria Malm Kirsi Tamminen Suvi Lappalainen Timo Vesikari Vesna Blazevic |
| author_sort | Maria Malm |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We have recently shown that tubular form of rotavirus (RV) recombinant VP6 protein has an in vivo adjuvant effect on the immunogenicity of norovirus (NoV) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidate. In here, we investigated in vitro effect of VP6 on antigen presenting cell (APC) activation and maturation and whether VP6 facilitates NoV VLP uptake by these APCs. Mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and dendritic cell line JAWSII were used as model APCs. Internalization of VP6, cell surface expression of CD40, CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility class II molecules, and cytokine and chemokine production were analyzed. VP6 nanotubes were efficiently internalized by APCs. VP6 upregulated the expression of cell surface activation and maturation molecules and induced secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The mechanism of VP6 action was shown to be partially dependent on lipid raft-mediated endocytic pathway as shown by methyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibition on tumor necrosis factor α secretion. These findings add to the understanding of mechanism by which VP6 exerts its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory actions and further support its use as a part of nonlive RV-NoV combination vaccine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6b2f9bd5ddff4bac87b983ea1908b9cd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-6b2f9bd5ddff4bac87b983ea1908b9cd2025-08-20T02:23:57ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562016-01-01201610.1155/2016/91716329171632Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like ParticlesMaria Malm0Kirsi Tamminen1Suvi Lappalainen2Timo Vesikari3Vesna Blazevic4Vaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, FinlandWe have recently shown that tubular form of rotavirus (RV) recombinant VP6 protein has an in vivo adjuvant effect on the immunogenicity of norovirus (NoV) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidate. In here, we investigated in vitro effect of VP6 on antigen presenting cell (APC) activation and maturation and whether VP6 facilitates NoV VLP uptake by these APCs. Mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and dendritic cell line JAWSII were used as model APCs. Internalization of VP6, cell surface expression of CD40, CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility class II molecules, and cytokine and chemokine production were analyzed. VP6 nanotubes were efficiently internalized by APCs. VP6 upregulated the expression of cell surface activation and maturation molecules and induced secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The mechanism of VP6 action was shown to be partially dependent on lipid raft-mediated endocytic pathway as shown by methyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibition on tumor necrosis factor α secretion. These findings add to the understanding of mechanism by which VP6 exerts its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory actions and further support its use as a part of nonlive RV-NoV combination vaccine.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9171632 |
| spellingShingle | Maria Malm Kirsi Tamminen Suvi Lappalainen Timo Vesikari Vesna Blazevic Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles |
| title_full | Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles |
| title_fullStr | Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles |
| title_short | Rotavirus Recombinant VP6 Nanotubes Act as an Immunomodulator and Delivery Vehicle for Norovirus Virus-Like Particles |
| title_sort | rotavirus recombinant vp6 nanotubes act as an immunomodulator and delivery vehicle for norovirus virus like particles |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9171632 |
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