Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran
Background: Despite the prevalence of unintended pregnancies, little is known about the connections between psychosocial and sociodemographic characteristics. This study explored the predictors of fetal attachment, worry, anxiety, and stress in unintended pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This des...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_286_23 |
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| author | Hajar Tahmasebi Ruth Nukpezah Nimota Andrew Fournier Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki Ali Mohammad Parviniannasab Fatemeh Keshavarzi |
| author_facet | Hajar Tahmasebi Ruth Nukpezah Nimota Andrew Fournier Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki Ali Mohammad Parviniannasab Fatemeh Keshavarzi |
| author_sort | Hajar Tahmasebi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Despite the prevalence of unintended pregnancies, little is known about the connections between psychosocial and sociodemographic characteristics. This study explored the predictors of fetal attachment, worry, anxiety, and stress in unintended pregnancies.
Materials and Methods:
This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 229 father and mother pairs from two primary healthcare centers in Fars province in southern Iran. Data were collected in a face-to-face survey using the Parents Fetal Attachment Scale, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Cambridge Worry Scale (CWS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Parental Worry Scale. The participants were selected using the two-stage random cluster sampling method from November 2022 to February 2023. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using binary logistic and multiple linear regression tests.
Results:
According to the findings, education level and previous parenting experience were found to have a statistically significant effect on the attachment levels of mothers (F4,224 = 5.14; p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the perceived stress of mothers and fathers (p > 0.05). Previous parenting experience significantly affected mothers’ anxiety (odd ratio: 3.20; p < 0.05). The age variable had a significant relationship with the mothers’ perceived stress (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
According to the results, unwanted pregnancy had a significant relationship with fetal attachment, anxiety, stress, and worry. It is recommended that to enhance the mental health of couples who have experienced unintended pregnancy, a platform should be provided for the development of their psychosocial environment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-69dceb384215423eb04af7def8ce8742 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1735-9066 2228-5504 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-69dceb384215423eb04af7def8ce87422025-02-06T06:27:13ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90662228-55042025-01-013019710210.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_286_23Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern IranHajar TahmasebiRuth Nukpezah NimotaAndrew FournierZohreh Hosseini MarznakiAli Mohammad ParviniannasabFatemeh KeshavarziBackground: Despite the prevalence of unintended pregnancies, little is known about the connections between psychosocial and sociodemographic characteristics. This study explored the predictors of fetal attachment, worry, anxiety, and stress in unintended pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 229 father and mother pairs from two primary healthcare centers in Fars province in southern Iran. Data were collected in a face-to-face survey using the Parents Fetal Attachment Scale, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Cambridge Worry Scale (CWS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Parental Worry Scale. The participants were selected using the two-stage random cluster sampling method from November 2022 to February 2023. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using binary logistic and multiple linear regression tests. Results: According to the findings, education level and previous parenting experience were found to have a statistically significant effect on the attachment levels of mothers (F4,224 = 5.14; p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the perceived stress of mothers and fathers (p > 0.05). Previous parenting experience significantly affected mothers’ anxiety (odd ratio: 3.20; p < 0.05). The age variable had a significant relationship with the mothers’ perceived stress (p < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, unwanted pregnancy had a significant relationship with fetal attachment, anxiety, stress, and worry. It is recommended that to enhance the mental health of couples who have experienced unintended pregnancy, a platform should be provided for the development of their psychosocial environment.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_286_23anxietyattachmentiranstressunwanted pregnancies |
| spellingShingle | Hajar Tahmasebi Ruth Nukpezah Nimota Andrew Fournier Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki Ali Mohammad Parviniannasab Fatemeh Keshavarzi Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research anxiety attachment iran stress unwanted pregnancies |
| title | Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran |
| title_full | Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran |
| title_fullStr | Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran |
| title_short | Predictors of Fetal Attachment, Anxiety, Stress, and Worry in Unintended Pregnancies in the Primary Care Center in Southern Iran |
| title_sort | predictors of fetal attachment anxiety stress and worry in unintended pregnancies in the primary care center in southern iran |
| topic | anxiety attachment iran stress unwanted pregnancies |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_286_23 |
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