Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans
Polyploidy is a powerful mechanism driving genetic, physiological, and phenotypic changes among cytotypes of the same species across both large and small geographic scales. These changes can significantly shape population structure and increase the evolutionary and adaptation potential of cytotypes....
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/146 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832587645661741056 |
|---|---|
| author | Jasna Hanjalić Kurtović Belma Kalamujić Stroil Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev Naris Pojskić Adaleta Durmić-Pašić Alma Hajrudinović-Bogunić Lejla Lasić Lejla Ušanović Faruk Bogunić |
| author_facet | Jasna Hanjalić Kurtović Belma Kalamujić Stroil Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev Naris Pojskić Adaleta Durmić-Pašić Alma Hajrudinović-Bogunić Lejla Lasić Lejla Ušanović Faruk Bogunić |
| author_sort | Jasna Hanjalić Kurtović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyploidy is a powerful mechanism driving genetic, physiological, and phenotypic changes among cytotypes of the same species across both large and small geographic scales. These changes can significantly shape population structure and increase the evolutionary and adaptation potential of cytotypes. <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i>, an edaphic steno-endemic species with a narrow distribution in the Balkan Peninsula, serves as an intriguing case study. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of genetic diversity and population structure across the species’ range, employing an array of genetic techniques (nuclear microsatellites, amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and plastid DNA sequences), flow cytometry (FCM), morphometry, and pollen analysis. The study reveals two genetic lineages: spatially distributed diploid and tetraploid cytotypes. Clear divergence between diploids and tetraploids was shown by AFLP, while plastid DNA sequences confirmed private haplotypes in each of the studied populations. Higher genetic diversity and allelic richness following the north-south pattern were documented in tetraploids compared to diploids, as indicated by nuclear microsatellites. Morphometric analysis via principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) did not reveal any divergence between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes. Nonetheless, a distinction in pollen size was clearly observed. The results suggest an autopolyploid origin of tetraploids from diploid ancestors. Despite the population fragmentation in a very small geographic range, these populations harbour high genetic diversity, which would allow them to remain stable if natural processes remain undisturbed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6965538287ad4e5585d35bf36c4251b2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-6965538287ad4e5585d35bf36c4251b22025-01-24T13:46:30ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114214610.3390/plants14020146Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western BalkansJasna Hanjalić Kurtović0Belma Kalamujić Stroil1Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev2Naris Pojskić3Adaleta Durmić-Pašić4Alma Hajrudinović-Bogunić5Lejla Lasić6Lejla Ušanović7Faruk Bogunić8Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaInstitute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaEcologie Systématique Evolution, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceInstitute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaInstitute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaFaculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaInstitute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaInstitute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaFaculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaPolyploidy is a powerful mechanism driving genetic, physiological, and phenotypic changes among cytotypes of the same species across both large and small geographic scales. These changes can significantly shape population structure and increase the evolutionary and adaptation potential of cytotypes. <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i>, an edaphic steno-endemic species with a narrow distribution in the Balkan Peninsula, serves as an intriguing case study. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of genetic diversity and population structure across the species’ range, employing an array of genetic techniques (nuclear microsatellites, amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and plastid DNA sequences), flow cytometry (FCM), morphometry, and pollen analysis. The study reveals two genetic lineages: spatially distributed diploid and tetraploid cytotypes. Clear divergence between diploids and tetraploids was shown by AFLP, while plastid DNA sequences confirmed private haplotypes in each of the studied populations. Higher genetic diversity and allelic richness following the north-south pattern were documented in tetraploids compared to diploids, as indicated by nuclear microsatellites. Morphometric analysis via principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) did not reveal any divergence between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes. Nonetheless, a distinction in pollen size was clearly observed. The results suggest an autopolyploid origin of tetraploids from diploid ancestors. Despite the population fragmentation in a very small geographic range, these populations harbour high genetic diversity, which would allow them to remain stable if natural processes remain undisturbed.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/146<i>Alyssum</i>Balkansdiploidsendemicdiversitystructure |
| spellingShingle | Jasna Hanjalić Kurtović Belma Kalamujić Stroil Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev Naris Pojskić Adaleta Durmić-Pašić Alma Hajrudinović-Bogunić Lejla Lasić Lejla Ušanović Faruk Bogunić Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans Plants <i>Alyssum</i> Balkans diploids endemic diversity structure |
| title | Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans |
| title_full | Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans |
| title_fullStr | Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans |
| title_short | Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic <i>Alyssum moellendorfianum</i> (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans |
| title_sort | spatial distribution of genetic ploidy and morphological variation of the edaphic steno endemic i alyssum moellendorfianum i brassicaceae from the western balkans |
| topic | <i>Alyssum</i> Balkans diploids endemic diversity structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/146 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jasnahanjalickurtovic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT belmakalamujicstroil spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT sonjasiljakyakovlev spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT narispojskic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT adaletadurmicpasic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT almahajrudinovicbogunic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT lejlalasic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT lejlausanovic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans AT farukbogunic spatialdistributionofgeneticploidyandmorphologicalvariationoftheedaphicstenoendemicialyssummoellendorfianumibrassicaceaefromthewesternbalkans |