Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions

In the classical economists’ surplus approach retrieved by Sraffa (1951; 1960) and Garegnani ([1960] 2024), institutions regulate the material basis of society and, in particular, the extraction and distribution of the social surplus. In this regard, classical theory provides a material anchor, alt...

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Main Author: Sergio Cesaratto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Associazione Economia civile 2025-06-01
Series:PSL Quarterly Review
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Online Access:https://rosa.uniroma1.it/rosa04/psl_quarterly_review/article/view/18998
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author Sergio Cesaratto
author_facet Sergio Cesaratto
author_sort Sergio Cesaratto
collection DOAJ
description In the classical economists’ surplus approach retrieved by Sraffa (1951; 1960) and Garegnani ([1960] 2024), institutions regulate the material basis of society and, in particular, the extraction and distribution of the social surplus. In this regard, classical theory provides a material anchor, alternative to neoclassical New Institutional Economics, to anthropological, archaeological and historical studies of precapitalist economies. Expunged of any teleological meaning, Marx’s Historical Materialism (HM) is a natural source of inspiration for this interdisciplinary perspective. The nature and dynamics of Marx’s notion of modes of production (MOP) are not, however, firmly defined and have been the object of over-complicated doctrinal disputes among Marxists. Since I am unable to provide a comprehensive overview of these debates, I will limit myself to a few aspects that seem to me to be most central or that best convey the issue. The question of MOP dynamics is the most relevant and complex. All in all, the most mature Marx leaves us a very flexible reading of HM as a method of connecting economic, social, and institutional history that can be broadly shared by non-Marxists.
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spelling doaj-art-6920ffa8c87640afaa1837f55f9ea3032025-08-20T03:28:44ZengAssociazione Economia civilePSL Quarterly Review2037-36352037-36432025-06-017831310.13133/2037-3643/18998Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questionsSergio Cesaratto0Dipartimento di economia politica e statistica – Università di Siena In the classical economists’ surplus approach retrieved by Sraffa (1951; 1960) and Garegnani ([1960] 2024), institutions regulate the material basis of society and, in particular, the extraction and distribution of the social surplus. In this regard, classical theory provides a material anchor, alternative to neoclassical New Institutional Economics, to anthropological, archaeological and historical studies of precapitalist economies. Expunged of any teleological meaning, Marx’s Historical Materialism (HM) is a natural source of inspiration for this interdisciplinary perspective. The nature and dynamics of Marx’s notion of modes of production (MOP) are not, however, firmly defined and have been the object of over-complicated doctrinal disputes among Marxists. Since I am unable to provide a comprehensive overview of these debates, I will limit myself to a few aspects that seem to me to be most central or that best convey the issue. The question of MOP dynamics is the most relevant and complex. All in all, the most mature Marx leaves us a very flexible reading of HM as a method of connecting economic, social, and institutional history that can be broadly shared by non-Marxists. https://rosa.uniroma1.it/rosa04/psl_quarterly_review/article/view/18998surplus approachHistorical Materialismmode of productionanthropologyarchaeologyagency
spellingShingle Sergio Cesaratto
Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions
PSL Quarterly Review
surplus approach
Historical Materialism
mode of production
anthropology
archaeology
agency
title Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions
title_full Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions
title_fullStr Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions
title_full_unstemmed Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions
title_short Surplus approach, Historical Materialism, and precapitalist economies: Some open questions
title_sort surplus approach historical materialism and precapitalist economies some open questions
topic surplus approach
Historical Materialism
mode of production
anthropology
archaeology
agency
url https://rosa.uniroma1.it/rosa04/psl_quarterly_review/article/view/18998
work_keys_str_mv AT sergiocesaratto surplusapproachhistoricalmaterialismandprecapitalisteconomiessomeopenquestions