Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology
Aging in females is not only associated with the changes in hormonal status but is also responsible for dysregulation of immune functions in various organs including ovaries. The goal of this study was to determine whether the expression of interleukin 16 (IL-16), a proinflammatory and chemoattracta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2870389 |
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| author | Jessica Ramirez Pincas Bitterman Sanjib Basu Animesh Barua |
| author_facet | Jessica Ramirez Pincas Bitterman Sanjib Basu Animesh Barua |
| author_sort | Jessica Ramirez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aging in females is not only associated with the changes in hormonal status but is also responsible for dysregulation of immune functions in various organs including ovaries. The goal of this study was to determine whether the expression of interleukin 16 (IL-16), a proinflammatory and chemoattractant cytokine, changes during ovarian aging, to determine factors involved in such changes in IL-16 expression, and to examine if changes in IL-16 expression during aging predisposes the ovary to pathologies. Ovarian tissues from premenopausal women (30-50 years old), women at early menopause (55-59 years old), and late menopause (60-85 years old) were used. In addition, tumor tissues from patients with ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma at early stage (n=5) were also used as reference tissue for comparing the expression of several selected markers in aging ovaries. The expression of IL-16, frequency of macrophages (a source of IL-16) and expression of microRNA (miR) 125a-5p (a regulator of IL-16 gene) were performed by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and gene expression assays. In addition, we examined changes in nuclear expression of IL-16 expression with regards to exposure to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by in vitro cell culture assays with human ovarian cancer cells. The frequencies of IL-16 expressing cells were significantly higher in ovarian stroma in women at early and late menopause as compared with premenopausal women (P<0.0001). Similar patterns were also observed for macrophages. Expression of miR-125a-5p decreased significantly (P<0.001) with the increase in IL-16 expression during aging. Furthermore, expression of nuclear IL-16 increased remarkably upon exposure to FSH. Consequently, ovarian aging is associated with increased expression of IL-16 including its nuclear fraction. Therefore, persistent high levels of FSH in postmenopausal women may be a factor for enhanced expression of IL-16. Effects of increased nuclear fraction of IL-16 need to be examined. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-680eb4e7ad7c43ca8834c17a7ab00620 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-680eb4e7ad7c43ca8834c17a7ab006202025-02-03T01:22:58ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-71562022-01-01202210.1155/2022/2870389Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian PathologyJessica Ramirez0Pincas Bitterman1Sanjib Basu2Animesh Barua3Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyDepartments of PathologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartments of Anatomy and Cell BiologyAging in females is not only associated with the changes in hormonal status but is also responsible for dysregulation of immune functions in various organs including ovaries. The goal of this study was to determine whether the expression of interleukin 16 (IL-16), a proinflammatory and chemoattractant cytokine, changes during ovarian aging, to determine factors involved in such changes in IL-16 expression, and to examine if changes in IL-16 expression during aging predisposes the ovary to pathologies. Ovarian tissues from premenopausal women (30-50 years old), women at early menopause (55-59 years old), and late menopause (60-85 years old) were used. In addition, tumor tissues from patients with ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma at early stage (n=5) were also used as reference tissue for comparing the expression of several selected markers in aging ovaries. The expression of IL-16, frequency of macrophages (a source of IL-16) and expression of microRNA (miR) 125a-5p (a regulator of IL-16 gene) were performed by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and gene expression assays. In addition, we examined changes in nuclear expression of IL-16 expression with regards to exposure to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by in vitro cell culture assays with human ovarian cancer cells. The frequencies of IL-16 expressing cells were significantly higher in ovarian stroma in women at early and late menopause as compared with premenopausal women (P<0.0001). Similar patterns were also observed for macrophages. Expression of miR-125a-5p decreased significantly (P<0.001) with the increase in IL-16 expression during aging. Furthermore, expression of nuclear IL-16 increased remarkably upon exposure to FSH. Consequently, ovarian aging is associated with increased expression of IL-16 including its nuclear fraction. Therefore, persistent high levels of FSH in postmenopausal women may be a factor for enhanced expression of IL-16. Effects of increased nuclear fraction of IL-16 need to be examined.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2870389 |
| spellingShingle | Jessica Ramirez Pincas Bitterman Sanjib Basu Animesh Barua Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology |
| title_full | Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology |
| title_fullStr | Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology |
| title_short | Changes in IL-16 Expression in the Ovary during Aging and Its Potential Consequences to Ovarian Pathology |
| title_sort | changes in il 16 expression in the ovary during aging and its potential consequences to ovarian pathology |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2870389 |
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