Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood
Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) was prepared and used to fully substitute wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive for plywood to reduce the usage of edible wheat flour in the plywood industry. The effects of HSCB on the production process and properties of plywood were...
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Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| author | Bo Zhang Siyu Huang Xi Wang |
| author_facet | Bo Zhang Siyu Huang Xi Wang |
| author_sort | Bo Zhang |
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| description | Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) was prepared and used to fully substitute wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive for plywood to reduce the usage of edible wheat flour in the plywood industry. The effects of HSCB on the production process and properties of plywood were evaluated. The results show that, like wheat flour, the surface of HSCB is rich in hydroxyl functional groups. When 20 % HSCB was added as a complete substitute filler for flour in UF adhesive, the initial viscosity of the product was 1632 mPa·s, indicating good coating ability. The viscosity of the adhesive increased to 2609 mPa·s at 1800 s, indicating good pre-pressing performance in assembling plywood. Plywood prepared with modified UF adhesive (MDUF) containing 20 % HSCB filler exhibited dry and wet bonding strengths of 2.55 MPa and 1.81 MPa, respectively, 51.8 % and 92.5 % higher than those of control plywood prepared with MDUF containing 20 % wheat flour filler. After 35 days, formaldehyde emission from the plywood prepared with MDUF containing 20 % HSCB filler was 2.1 mg L–1. The results indicate that the use of HSCB as a filler in the plywood industry would offer good pre-pressing properties for adhesives and impart excellent mechanical properties to plywood under standard process conditions. It may thus replace edible flour as a filler of adhesives applied in the wood-based composite industry. This approach demonstrates significant industrial potential by utilizing an industrial by-product to enhance adhesive performance while simultaneously reducing reliance on food-grade resources and contributing to lower formaldehyde emissions in the final product. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | doaj-art-66fa4f998fec4c4a9ce4e1aeb768dcf52025-08-20T03:38:59ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-09-012710656910.1016/j.rineng.2025.106569Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywoodBo Zhang0Siyu Huang1Xi Wang2College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; University Engineering Research Center of Green Remediation and Low Carbon Development for Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi, China; Corresponding authors at: College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; Corresponding authors at: College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) was prepared and used to fully substitute wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive for plywood to reduce the usage of edible wheat flour in the plywood industry. The effects of HSCB on the production process and properties of plywood were evaluated. The results show that, like wheat flour, the surface of HSCB is rich in hydroxyl functional groups. When 20 % HSCB was added as a complete substitute filler for flour in UF adhesive, the initial viscosity of the product was 1632 mPa·s, indicating good coating ability. The viscosity of the adhesive increased to 2609 mPa·s at 1800 s, indicating good pre-pressing performance in assembling plywood. Plywood prepared with modified UF adhesive (MDUF) containing 20 % HSCB filler exhibited dry and wet bonding strengths of 2.55 MPa and 1.81 MPa, respectively, 51.8 % and 92.5 % higher than those of control plywood prepared with MDUF containing 20 % wheat flour filler. After 35 days, formaldehyde emission from the plywood prepared with MDUF containing 20 % HSCB filler was 2.1 mg L–1. The results indicate that the use of HSCB as a filler in the plywood industry would offer good pre-pressing properties for adhesives and impart excellent mechanical properties to plywood under standard process conditions. It may thus replace edible flour as a filler of adhesives applied in the wood-based composite industry. This approach demonstrates significant industrial potential by utilizing an industrial by-product to enhance adhesive performance while simultaneously reducing reliance on food-grade resources and contributing to lower formaldehyde emissions in the final product.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025026386Sugarcane bagasseHydrocharPlywoodFillerPre-pressing performanceAdhesive strength |
| spellingShingle | Bo Zhang Siyu Huang Xi Wang Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood Results in Engineering Sugarcane bagasse Hydrochar Plywood Filler Pre-pressing performance Adhesive strength |
| title | Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood |
| title_full | Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood |
| title_fullStr | Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood |
| title_short | Hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse (HSCB) as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives for plywood |
| title_sort | hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse hscb as a full replacement for wheat flour filler in urea formaldehyde uf adhesives for plywood |
| topic | Sugarcane bagasse Hydrochar Plywood Filler Pre-pressing performance Adhesive strength |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025026386 |
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