The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Objective: Pancreatic cancer has remained one of the most devastating diseases over the past two decades, with minimal improvements in survival rates. Its highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is driven by secreted proteins, such as cytokines and growth factors, which promote the differen...
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Verduci Editore
2025-01-01
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| Series: | World Cancer Research Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.wcrj.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2025/01/e2859.pdf |
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| author | Y. Chong S. Samsudin D. Bahrani C. Chang A. Masamune S. Ng N. Ismail K. Ho |
| author_facet | Y. Chong S. Samsudin D. Bahrani C. Chang A. Masamune S. Ng N. Ismail K. Ho |
| author_sort | Y. Chong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Pancreatic cancer has remained one of the most devastating diseases over the past two decades, with minimal improvements in survival rates. Its highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is driven by secreted proteins, such as cytokines and growth factors, which promote the differentiation of immunosuppressive cells and influence cellular proliferation and migration. This study investigates how the secretome from pancreatic cancer and pancreatic stellate cells affects the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and its implications for cellular proliferation.
Patients and Methods: Conditioned media from pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells were used to treat peripheral blood mononuclear cells, evaluating their effects on myeloid-derived suppressor cells proliferation. Additionally, pancreatic stellate cells were treated with conditioned medium from pancreatic cancer cells to assess its impact on their proliferation. Conversely, conditioned medium from pancreatic stellate cells was used to treat pancreatic cancer cells to evaluate its effects on their growth.
Results: Conditioned media from both pancreatic cancer and pancreatic stellate cells significantly enhanced the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, although the BrdU proliferation assay revealed differing outcomes. Conditioned media from primary pancreatic cancer cells notably increased the proliferation of pancreatic stellate cells more than that from metastatic cancer cells. Similarly, primary pancreatic cancer cells exhibited greater proliferation when exposed to conditioned media from pancreatic stellate cells compared to metastatic cells.
Conclusions: The bioactive secreted proteins from pancreatic cancer and pancreatic stellate cells effectively stimulate the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells without direct cell-to-cell interactions. Factors from primary tumour cells support cancer cell survival more than those from metastatic cells, indicating potential targets for immunotherapy in early-stage cancers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-66d40a58df38477d999bc8ccccbc2514 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2372-3416 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Verduci Editore |
| record_format | Article |
| series | World Cancer Research Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-66d40a58df38477d999bc8ccccbc25142025-01-31T15:55:53ZengVerduci EditoreWorld Cancer Research Journal2372-34162025-01-011210.32113/wcrj_20251_28592859The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cellsY. Chong0S. Samsudin1D. Bahrani2C. Chang3A. Masamune4S. Ng5N. Ismail6K. Ho7School of Postgraduate Studies, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaSchool of Postgraduate Studies, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaSchool of Postgraduate Studies, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaSchool of Postgraduate Studies, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDivision of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JapanSchool of Pharmacy, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaNatural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaSchool of Pharmacy, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaObjective: Pancreatic cancer has remained one of the most devastating diseases over the past two decades, with minimal improvements in survival rates. Its highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is driven by secreted proteins, such as cytokines and growth factors, which promote the differentiation of immunosuppressive cells and influence cellular proliferation and migration. This study investigates how the secretome from pancreatic cancer and pancreatic stellate cells affects the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and its implications for cellular proliferation. Patients and Methods: Conditioned media from pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells were used to treat peripheral blood mononuclear cells, evaluating their effects on myeloid-derived suppressor cells proliferation. Additionally, pancreatic stellate cells were treated with conditioned medium from pancreatic cancer cells to assess its impact on their proliferation. Conversely, conditioned medium from pancreatic stellate cells was used to treat pancreatic cancer cells to evaluate its effects on their growth. Results: Conditioned media from both pancreatic cancer and pancreatic stellate cells significantly enhanced the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, although the BrdU proliferation assay revealed differing outcomes. Conditioned media from primary pancreatic cancer cells notably increased the proliferation of pancreatic stellate cells more than that from metastatic cancer cells. Similarly, primary pancreatic cancer cells exhibited greater proliferation when exposed to conditioned media from pancreatic stellate cells compared to metastatic cells. Conclusions: The bioactive secreted proteins from pancreatic cancer and pancreatic stellate cells effectively stimulate the proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells without direct cell-to-cell interactions. Factors from primary tumour cells support cancer cell survival more than those from metastatic cells, indicating potential targets for immunotherapy in early-stage cancers.https://www.wcrj.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2025/01/e2859.pdfpancreatic cancerpancreatic stellate cellsmyeloid-derived suppressor cellscells proliferationtumour microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Y. Chong S. Samsudin D. Bahrani C. Chang A. Masamune S. Ng N. Ismail K. Ho The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells World Cancer Research Journal pancreatic cancer pancreatic stellate cells myeloid-derived suppressor cells cells proliferation tumour microenvironment |
| title | The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| title_full | The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| title_fullStr | The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| title_short | The effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| title_sort | effect of conditioned media on the cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells pancreatic stellate cells and myeloid derived suppressor cells |
| topic | pancreatic cancer pancreatic stellate cells myeloid-derived suppressor cells cells proliferation tumour microenvironment |
| url | https://www.wcrj.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2025/01/e2859.pdf |
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