Oxidative potential of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 collected in car and tram tunnels to analyse their impact on public health

Oxidative potential of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 collected in car and tram tunnels to analyse their impact on public health

Abstract Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major environmental health risk, partly due to its oxidative potential (OP), which reflects its ability to generate reactive oxygen species. This study evaluates the OP of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 fractions collected in car and tram tunnels in Krakow, Polan...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rakshit Jakhar, Katarzyna Styszko, Lucyna Samek, Katarzyna Szramowiat-Sala
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Airborne particulate matter toxicity
Trace elements
Heavy metals
Air pollution
Antioxidants
Environmental pollution
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09037-4
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