Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update
Brain magnetic resonance (MR) represents a useful and feasible tool for the differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Conventional MR may reveal secondary forms of parkinsonism and may show peculiar brain alterations of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Furthermore, advanced MR techniques, such...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Parkinson's Disease |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2983638 |
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| author | Giovanni Rizzo Stefano Zanigni Roberto De Blasi Daniela Grasso Davide Martino Rodolfo Savica Giancarlo Logroscino |
| author_facet | Giovanni Rizzo Stefano Zanigni Roberto De Blasi Daniela Grasso Davide Martino Rodolfo Savica Giancarlo Logroscino |
| author_sort | Giovanni Rizzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brain magnetic resonance (MR) represents a useful and feasible tool for the differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Conventional MR may reveal secondary forms of parkinsonism and may show peculiar brain alterations of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Furthermore, advanced MR techniques, such as morphometric-volumetric analyses, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, tractography, proton MR spectroscopy, and iron-content sensitive imaging, have been used to obtain quantitative parameters useful to increase the diagnostic accuracy. Currently, many MR studies have provided both qualitative and quantitative findings, reflecting the underlying neuropathological pattern of the different degenerative parkinsonian syndromes. Although the variability in the methods and results across the studies limits the conclusion about which technique is the best, specific radiologic phenotypes may be identified. Qualitative/quantitative MR changes in the substantia nigra do not discriminate between different parkinsonisms. In the absence of extranigral abnormalities, the diagnosis of PD is more probable, whereas basal ganglia changes (mainly in the putamen) suggest the diagnosis of an atypical parkinsonian syndrome. In this context, changes in pons, middle cerebellar peduncles, and cerebellum suggest the diagnosis of MSA, in midbrain and superior cerebellar peduncles the diagnosis of PSP, and in whole cerebral hemispheres (mainly in frontoparietal cortex with asymmetric distribution) the diagnosis of Corticobasal Syndrome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-655f78a9acf14ad6a957c4abf2d5933d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8083 2042-0080 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parkinson's Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-655f78a9acf14ad6a957c4abf2d5933d2025-02-03T05:46:10ZengWileyParkinson's Disease2090-80832042-00802016-01-01201610.1155/2016/29836382983638Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An UpdateGiovanni Rizzo0Stefano Zanigni1Roberto De Blasi2Daniela Grasso3Davide Martino4Rodolfo Savica5Giancarlo Logroscino6IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, ItalyFunctional MR Unit, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, ItalyDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, ItalyDepartment of Neurology, King’s College NHS Foundation Trust, London, UKDepartment of Neurology and Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USADepartment of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, ItalyBrain magnetic resonance (MR) represents a useful and feasible tool for the differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Conventional MR may reveal secondary forms of parkinsonism and may show peculiar brain alterations of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Furthermore, advanced MR techniques, such as morphometric-volumetric analyses, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, tractography, proton MR spectroscopy, and iron-content sensitive imaging, have been used to obtain quantitative parameters useful to increase the diagnostic accuracy. Currently, many MR studies have provided both qualitative and quantitative findings, reflecting the underlying neuropathological pattern of the different degenerative parkinsonian syndromes. Although the variability in the methods and results across the studies limits the conclusion about which technique is the best, specific radiologic phenotypes may be identified. Qualitative/quantitative MR changes in the substantia nigra do not discriminate between different parkinsonisms. In the absence of extranigral abnormalities, the diagnosis of PD is more probable, whereas basal ganglia changes (mainly in the putamen) suggest the diagnosis of an atypical parkinsonian syndrome. In this context, changes in pons, middle cerebellar peduncles, and cerebellum suggest the diagnosis of MSA, in midbrain and superior cerebellar peduncles the diagnosis of PSP, and in whole cerebral hemispheres (mainly in frontoparietal cortex with asymmetric distribution) the diagnosis of Corticobasal Syndrome.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2983638 |
| spellingShingle | Giovanni Rizzo Stefano Zanigni Roberto De Blasi Daniela Grasso Davide Martino Rodolfo Savica Giancarlo Logroscino Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update Parkinson's Disease |
| title | Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update |
| title_full | Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update |
| title_fullStr | Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update |
| title_short | Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update |
| title_sort | brain mr contribution to the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes an update |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2983638 |
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