Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score
Abstract Background Numerous noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers have been reported and validated as effective predictors of hematoma expansion (HE). Our objective was to develop and validate a score based on NCCT markers and clinical characteristics to predict risk of HE in acute intrace...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Tian-Nan Yang Xin-Ni Lv Zi-Jie Wang Xiao Hu Li-Bo Zhao Jing Cheng Qi Li |
| author_facet | Tian-Nan Yang Xin-Ni Lv Zi-Jie Wang Xiao Hu Li-Bo Zhao Jing Cheng Qi Li |
| author_sort | Tian-Nan Yang |
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| description | Abstract Background Numerous noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers have been reported and validated as effective predictors of hematoma expansion (HE). Our objective was to develop and validate a score based on NCCT markers and clinical characteristics to predict risk of HE in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. Methods We prospectively collected spontaneous ICH patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University to form the development cohort (n = 395) and at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University to establish the validation cohort (n = 139). We adopted a revised HE definition, incorporating the standard definition of HE (> 6 mL or > 33%) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) expansion (any new IVH or IVH expansion ≥ 1 ml). The predictive score was formulated based on the parameter estimates derived from the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Result The Glasgow Coma Scale, island sign, ventricular hemorrhage and time elapsed from onset to NCCT scan (GIVE) score was created as a total of individual points (0–6) based on Glasgow Coma Scale (2 points for ≤ 11), island sign (1 point for presence), ventricular hemorrhage (1 point for presence), and time elapsed from onset to NCCT scan (2 points for ≤ 2.5 h). The c statistic was 0.72(95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.78) and 0.73(95% CI, 0.63–0.82) in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. Conclusion A six-point scoring algorithm has been developed and validated to assess the risk of HE in patients with ICH. This scoring system facilitates the rapid and accurate identification of patients at increased risk for HE. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-645b1c71f1eb4f92ad9e82bc89230fc82025-01-19T12:28:05ZengBMCBMC Neurology1471-23772025-01-012511910.1186/s12883-025-04026-6Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE scoreTian-Nan Yang0Xin-Ni Lv1Zi-Jie Wang2Xiao Hu3Li-Bo Zhao4Jing Cheng5Qi Li6Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Numerous noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers have been reported and validated as effective predictors of hematoma expansion (HE). Our objective was to develop and validate a score based on NCCT markers and clinical characteristics to predict risk of HE in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. Methods We prospectively collected spontaneous ICH patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University to form the development cohort (n = 395) and at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University to establish the validation cohort (n = 139). We adopted a revised HE definition, incorporating the standard definition of HE (> 6 mL or > 33%) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) expansion (any new IVH or IVH expansion ≥ 1 ml). The predictive score was formulated based on the parameter estimates derived from the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Result The Glasgow Coma Scale, island sign, ventricular hemorrhage and time elapsed from onset to NCCT scan (GIVE) score was created as a total of individual points (0–6) based on Glasgow Coma Scale (2 points for ≤ 11), island sign (1 point for presence), ventricular hemorrhage (1 point for presence), and time elapsed from onset to NCCT scan (2 points for ≤ 2.5 h). The c statistic was 0.72(95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.78) and 0.73(95% CI, 0.63–0.82) in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. Conclusion A six-point scoring algorithm has been developed and validated to assess the risk of HE in patients with ICH. This scoring system facilitates the rapid and accurate identification of patients at increased risk for HE.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-025-04026-6Intracerebral hemorrhageHematoma expansionNoncontrast computed tomography markers |
| spellingShingle | Tian-Nan Yang Xin-Ni Lv Zi-Jie Wang Xiao Hu Li-Bo Zhao Jing Cheng Qi Li Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score BMC Neurology Intracerebral hemorrhage Hematoma expansion Noncontrast computed tomography markers |
| title | Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score |
| title_full | Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score |
| title_fullStr | Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score |
| title_short | Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score |
| title_sort | predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage the give score |
| topic | Intracerebral hemorrhage Hematoma expansion Noncontrast computed tomography markers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-025-04026-6 |
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