Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties
Zeolites are a large family of minerals and the most studied is the naturally occurring clinoptilolite. They possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and detoxifying properties which makes them valuable for medicinal use. Element analysis of zeolite’s composition is necessary for its precise chemical...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Acta Pharmaceutica |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/acph-2024-0040 |
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| author | Jablan Jasna Štefan Maja Bival Paler Dario Kamenski Emma |
| author_facet | Jablan Jasna Štefan Maja Bival Paler Dario Kamenski Emma |
| author_sort | Jablan Jasna |
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| description | Zeolites are a large family of minerals and the most studied is the naturally occurring clinoptilolite. They possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and detoxifying properties which makes them valuable for medicinal use. Element analysis of zeolite’s composition is necessary for its precise chemical characterization, and within this work development of a suspension method for the determination of manga nese, iron, and zinc by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spec-trometry (TXRF) was presented. The Box-Behnken design based on the response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimal sample preparation conditions. The significant variables such as sample amount, volume deposition, and dispersant were selected as critical variables. Based on the results obtained, sample suspensions were prepared by weighing 10 mg of the sample and adding 1 mL of 5 % Triton X-100 with 10 mL Ga as internal standard and deposition volume was set at 10 mL. The results obtained with TXRF were comparable with those obtained with the FAAS method, indicating that this technique can be used instead of the conventional methods. Using the best analytical conditions, the limits of detection for trace elements were in the range of 0.2–0.6 mg kg–1. Trueness and precision of the results, evaluated by CRM sample analysis, were in most cases acceptable with recoveries values in the range of 104.9–111.4 % and relative standard deviations of 2–10 % (. = 6). Zeolites showed no ability to quench free radicals nor the ability to influence dietary antioxidants. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6446a88d80f347fb98f16a28229fafab |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1846-9558 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
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| series | Acta Pharmaceutica |
| spelling | doaj-art-6446a88d80f347fb98f16a28229fafab2025-02-02T15:47:25ZengSciendoActa Pharmaceutica1846-95582024-12-0174465567210.2478/acph-2024-0040Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant propertiesJablan Jasna0Štefan Maja Bival1Paler Dario2Kamenski Emma3University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Analytical Chemistry, 10000ZagrebCroatiaUniversity of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistryDepartment of Pharmacognosy10000Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry10000Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry10000Zagreb, CroatiaZeolites are a large family of minerals and the most studied is the naturally occurring clinoptilolite. They possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and detoxifying properties which makes them valuable for medicinal use. Element analysis of zeolite’s composition is necessary for its precise chemical characterization, and within this work development of a suspension method for the determination of manga nese, iron, and zinc by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spec-trometry (TXRF) was presented. The Box-Behnken design based on the response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimal sample preparation conditions. The significant variables such as sample amount, volume deposition, and dispersant were selected as critical variables. Based on the results obtained, sample suspensions were prepared by weighing 10 mg of the sample and adding 1 mL of 5 % Triton X-100 with 10 mL Ga as internal standard and deposition volume was set at 10 mL. The results obtained with TXRF were comparable with those obtained with the FAAS method, indicating that this technique can be used instead of the conventional methods. Using the best analytical conditions, the limits of detection for trace elements were in the range of 0.2–0.6 mg kg–1. Trueness and precision of the results, evaluated by CRM sample analysis, were in most cases acceptable with recoveries values in the range of 104.9–111.4 % and relative standard deviations of 2–10 % (. = 6). Zeolites showed no ability to quench free radicals nor the ability to influence dietary antioxidants.https://doi.org/10.2478/acph-2024-0040zeolite clinoptilolitetxrfmulti-element analysisfaasbox-behnken designantioxidants |
| spellingShingle | Jablan Jasna Štefan Maja Bival Paler Dario Kamenski Emma Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties Acta Pharmaceutica zeolite clinoptilolite txrf multi-element analysis faas box-behnken design antioxidants |
| title | Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties |
| title_full | Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties |
| title_short | Optimization of the suspension procedure by Box-Behnken design for the determination of manganese, iron, and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the TXRF system and insight into its antioxidant properties |
| title_sort | optimization of the suspension procedure by box behnken design for the determination of manganese iron and zinc in zeolite clinoptilolite with the txrf system and insight into its antioxidant properties |
| topic | zeolite clinoptilolite txrf multi-element analysis faas box-behnken design antioxidants |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/acph-2024-0040 |
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