Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis
<i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> are recognized as emerging pathogens with zoonotic potential. Despite their increasing importance, there is a paucity of data on the cytotoxicity of these two pathogens. Therefore, in the present study, we investig...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Kandhan Srinivas Sandeep Ghatak Kekungu-u Puro Zakir Hussain Mosuri Chendu Bharat Prasad Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton Careen Liza Pakyntein Dadimi Bhargavi Samir Das Madesh Angappan Vanita Lyngdoh Sabia Khan Nur Abdul Kader Umjerksiar Ramshon |
| author_facet | Kandhan Srinivas Sandeep Ghatak Kekungu-u Puro Zakir Hussain Mosuri Chendu Bharat Prasad Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton Careen Liza Pakyntein Dadimi Bhargavi Samir Das Madesh Angappan Vanita Lyngdoh Sabia Khan Nur Abdul Kader Umjerksiar Ramshon |
| author_sort | Kandhan Srinivas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> are recognized as emerging pathogens with zoonotic potential. Despite their increasing importance, there is a paucity of data on the cytotoxicity of these two pathogens. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic potentials of the cell-free supernatants from 10 <i>E. albertii</i> and 15 <i>E. fergusonii</i> isolates for their cytotoxic effects on four different cell lines (CHO, Vero, HeLa, and MDCK). All <i>E. albertii</i> isolates (100%) and all but one <i>E. fergusonii</i> (93.33%) were cytotoxic. <i>E. albertii</i> isolates produced similar cytotoxicity titres across the cell lines, whereas the Vero cell was found to be the most sensitive to toxins produced by <i>E. fergusonii</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), followed by HeLa and CHO cells. MDCK was the least sensitive cell line to <i>E. fergusonii</i> toxins (<i>p</i> < 0.05). PCR detection of cytotoxicity-associated genes (<i>cdtB</i>, <i>stx1,</i> and <i>stx2</i>) indicated uniform possession of <i>cdtB</i> gene by all <i>E. albertii</i> isolates, while <i>stx1</i> and <i>stx2</i> genes were harboured neither by <i>E. albertii</i>, nor <i>E. fergusonii</i>. Taken together, our results provided experimental evidence of the cytotoxic effects of these two emerging pathogens, and Vero cells were identified as an optimal candidate to study the cytotoxic effects of <i>E. albertii</i> and <i>E. fergusonii</i>. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62d469fd0a2a4dc98fa096fde27cb15a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-62d469fd0a2a4dc98fa096fde27cb15a2025-08-20T02:48:01ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011211237010.3390/microorganisms12112370Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity AnalysisKandhan Srinivas0Sandeep Ghatak1Kekungu-u Puro2Zakir Hussain3Mosuri Chendu Bharat Prasad4Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton5Careen Liza Pakyntein6Dadimi Bhargavi7Samir Das8Madesh Angappan9Vanita Lyngdoh10Sabia Khan11Nur Abdul Kader12Umjerksiar Ramshon13Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR—Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR—Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR—Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, IndiaDivision of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, India<i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> are recognized as emerging pathogens with zoonotic potential. Despite their increasing importance, there is a paucity of data on the cytotoxicity of these two pathogens. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic potentials of the cell-free supernatants from 10 <i>E. albertii</i> and 15 <i>E. fergusonii</i> isolates for their cytotoxic effects on four different cell lines (CHO, Vero, HeLa, and MDCK). All <i>E. albertii</i> isolates (100%) and all but one <i>E. fergusonii</i> (93.33%) were cytotoxic. <i>E. albertii</i> isolates produced similar cytotoxicity titres across the cell lines, whereas the Vero cell was found to be the most sensitive to toxins produced by <i>E. fergusonii</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), followed by HeLa and CHO cells. MDCK was the least sensitive cell line to <i>E. fergusonii</i> toxins (<i>p</i> < 0.05). PCR detection of cytotoxicity-associated genes (<i>cdtB</i>, <i>stx1,</i> and <i>stx2</i>) indicated uniform possession of <i>cdtB</i> gene by all <i>E. albertii</i> isolates, while <i>stx1</i> and <i>stx2</i> genes were harboured neither by <i>E. albertii</i>, nor <i>E. fergusonii</i>. Taken together, our results provided experimental evidence of the cytotoxic effects of these two emerging pathogens, and Vero cells were identified as an optimal candidate to study the cytotoxic effects of <i>E. albertii</i> and <i>E. fergusonii</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2370<i>Escherichia albertii</i><i>Escherichia fergusonii</i>cytotoxicityVero cellsHeLa cellsCDT |
| spellingShingle | Kandhan Srinivas Sandeep Ghatak Kekungu-u Puro Zakir Hussain Mosuri Chendu Bharat Prasad Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton Careen Liza Pakyntein Dadimi Bhargavi Samir Das Madesh Angappan Vanita Lyngdoh Sabia Khan Nur Abdul Kader Umjerksiar Ramshon Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis Microorganisms <i>Escherichia albertii</i> <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> cytotoxicity Vero cells HeLa cells CDT |
| title | Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis |
| title_full | Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis |
| title_short | Differential Cytotoxic Effects of Cell-Free Supernatants of Emerging Pathogens <i>Escherichia albertii</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> on Four Cell Lines Reveal Vero Cells as a Putative Candidate for Cytotoxicity Analysis |
| title_sort | differential cytotoxic effects of cell free supernatants of emerging pathogens i escherichia albertii i and i escherichia fergusonii i on four cell lines reveal vero cells as a putative candidate for cytotoxicity analysis |
| topic | <i>Escherichia albertii</i> <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> cytotoxicity Vero cells HeLa cells CDT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2370 |
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