Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes
An ionic soil stabilizer (ISS) is used to reinforce clay soils because the ISS can regulate the hydration processes and microstructures of clays. To evaluate the regulation of ISS, natural bentonite was modified by ISS at different concentrations in this research. Water vapour adsorption and X-ray d...
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SAGE Publishing
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Adsorption Science & Technology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7777091 |
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| author | Wei Huang Zili Feng Huanran Fu Wei Xiang |
| author_facet | Wei Huang Zili Feng Huanran Fu Wei Xiang |
| author_sort | Wei Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An ionic soil stabilizer (ISS) is used to reinforce clay soils because the ISS can regulate the hydration processes and microstructures of clays. To evaluate the regulation of ISS, natural bentonite was modified by ISS at different concentrations in this research. Water vapour adsorption and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out to interpret the hydration mechanism of bentonite. Meanwhile, an associated analysis between hydration pore structures and hydration mechanisms was implemented through variation of pore characteristic tests at different relative humidities (RHs) to distinguish multiscale pore adsorption of water during the corresponding hydration process. In addition, the pore characteristics were studied via XRD, nitrogen adsorption, and mercury injection tests. Finally, the origins that adsorbed water and pore structures changed by adding ISS were discussed. The results showed that for calcium bentonite, the cations hydrated first in the range of 0<RH<0.45~0.55, accompanied by the expansion of micropores. Then, adsorption occurred on the basal surface of the crystal layer in the range of 0.45~0.55<RH<0.8~0.9, with water mainly adsorbed into the mesopores. With further hydration when RH>0.8~0.9, diffused double layer (DDL) water ceaselessly entered the macropores. Both adsorbed water and multiscale pore size decreased when ISS was added to bentonite. The origins of the reduction were the regulation of ISS to exchangeable cations and the basal surface of the crystal layer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62785dd81039444380f2e5b9e76db127 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0263-6174 2048-4038 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
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| series | Adsorption Science & Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-62785dd81039444380f2e5b9e76db1272025-02-03T10:07:23ZengSAGE PublishingAdsorption Science & Technology0263-61742048-40382021-01-01202110.1155/2021/77770917777091Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration ProcessesWei Huang0Zili Feng1Huanran Fu2Wei Xiang3Faculty of Airport Engineering and Transportation Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, ChinaFaculty of Airport Engineering and Transportation Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, ChinaFaculty of Airport Engineering and Transportation Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, ChinaFaculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaAn ionic soil stabilizer (ISS) is used to reinforce clay soils because the ISS can regulate the hydration processes and microstructures of clays. To evaluate the regulation of ISS, natural bentonite was modified by ISS at different concentrations in this research. Water vapour adsorption and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out to interpret the hydration mechanism of bentonite. Meanwhile, an associated analysis between hydration pore structures and hydration mechanisms was implemented through variation of pore characteristic tests at different relative humidities (RHs) to distinguish multiscale pore adsorption of water during the corresponding hydration process. In addition, the pore characteristics were studied via XRD, nitrogen adsorption, and mercury injection tests. Finally, the origins that adsorbed water and pore structures changed by adding ISS were discussed. The results showed that for calcium bentonite, the cations hydrated first in the range of 0<RH<0.45~0.55, accompanied by the expansion of micropores. Then, adsorption occurred on the basal surface of the crystal layer in the range of 0.45~0.55<RH<0.8~0.9, with water mainly adsorbed into the mesopores. With further hydration when RH>0.8~0.9, diffused double layer (DDL) water ceaselessly entered the macropores. Both adsorbed water and multiscale pore size decreased when ISS was added to bentonite. The origins of the reduction were the regulation of ISS to exchangeable cations and the basal surface of the crystal layer.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7777091 |
| spellingShingle | Wei Huang Zili Feng Huanran Fu Wei Xiang Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes Adsorption Science & Technology |
| title | Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes |
| title_full | Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes |
| title_short | Evolution of Pore Characteristics for Bentonite Modified by an Ionic Soil Stabilizer during Hydration Processes |
| title_sort | evolution of pore characteristics for bentonite modified by an ionic soil stabilizer during hydration processes |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7777091 |
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