Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study
Introduction: Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) merits careful consideration within the medical and healthcare communities, researchers, and policymakers. This is due to its substantial disability burden, elevated prevalence of co-morbidities, heightened lifetime risk of suicidality, and a significa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_838_23 |
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| author | Bhavika Vajawat Satish Suhas Sydney Moirangthem Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar Mathew Varghese Gopalkrishna Gururaj Vivek Benegal Girish N. Rao NMHS National Collaborators Group |
| author_facet | Bhavika Vajawat Satish Suhas Sydney Moirangthem Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar Mathew Varghese Gopalkrishna Gururaj Vivek Benegal Girish N. Rao NMHS National Collaborators Group |
| author_sort | Bhavika Vajawat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction:
Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) merits careful consideration within the medical and healthcare communities, researchers, and policymakers. This is due to its substantial disability burden, elevated prevalence of co-morbidities, heightened lifetime risk of suicidality, and a significant treatment gap. This article focuses on the lifetime and current prevalence, correlates, co-morbidities, associated disabilities, socio-economic impact, and treatment gap for BPAD in the adult population of the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) 2016.
Materials and Methods:
The NMHS 2016 was a nationally representative study conducted across 12 Indian states between 2014 and 2016. A multi-stage, stratified, random cluster sampling technique based on probability proportionate to size at each stage was used. The diagnosis of BPAD was based on Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0. Sheehan's Disability Scale was used to assess the disability.
Results:
A total of 34,802 adults were interviewed. The overall weighted prevalence of BPAD was 0.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.31] for current and 0.5% (95% CI: 0.49–0.51) for lifetime diagnosis. Male gender [odds ratio (OR) 1.56] and residence in urban metropolitans (OR 2.43) had a significantly higher risk of a lifetime diagnosis of BPAD. Substantial cross-sectional co-morbidities were noted as per MINI 6.0.0 with the diagnosis of current BPAD such as tobacco use disorder (33.3%), other substance use disorders (14.6%), and anxiety disorders (10.4%). Two-thirds of persons with current BPAD reported disability of varying severity at work (63%), social (59.3%), and family life (63%). The treatment gap for current BPAD was 70.4%.
Conclusion:
Most individuals with current BPAD reported moderate–severe disability. There were substantial co-morbidities and a large treatment gap. These warrant concentrated efforts from policymakers in devising effective strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62274ef113e643caae960cd23926ba69 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0019-5545 1998-3794 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-62274ef113e643caae960cd23926ba692025-01-26T09:00:30ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Psychiatry0019-55451998-37942023-12-0165121230123710.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_838_23Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional studyBhavika VajawatSatish SuhasSydney MoirangthemChannaveerachari Naveen KumarMathew VargheseGopalkrishna GururajVivek BenegalGirish N. RaoNMHS National Collaborators GroupIntroduction: Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) merits careful consideration within the medical and healthcare communities, researchers, and policymakers. This is due to its substantial disability burden, elevated prevalence of co-morbidities, heightened lifetime risk of suicidality, and a significant treatment gap. This article focuses on the lifetime and current prevalence, correlates, co-morbidities, associated disabilities, socio-economic impact, and treatment gap for BPAD in the adult population of the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) 2016. Materials and Methods: The NMHS 2016 was a nationally representative study conducted across 12 Indian states between 2014 and 2016. A multi-stage, stratified, random cluster sampling technique based on probability proportionate to size at each stage was used. The diagnosis of BPAD was based on Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0. Sheehan's Disability Scale was used to assess the disability. Results: A total of 34,802 adults were interviewed. The overall weighted prevalence of BPAD was 0.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.31] for current and 0.5% (95% CI: 0.49–0.51) for lifetime diagnosis. Male gender [odds ratio (OR) 1.56] and residence in urban metropolitans (OR 2.43) had a significantly higher risk of a lifetime diagnosis of BPAD. Substantial cross-sectional co-morbidities were noted as per MINI 6.0.0 with the diagnosis of current BPAD such as tobacco use disorder (33.3%), other substance use disorders (14.6%), and anxiety disorders (10.4%). Two-thirds of persons with current BPAD reported disability of varying severity at work (63%), social (59.3%), and family life (63%). The treatment gap for current BPAD was 70.4%. Conclusion: Most individuals with current BPAD reported moderate–severe disability. There were substantial co-morbidities and a large treatment gap. These warrant concentrated efforts from policymakers in devising effective strategies.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_838_23bipolar affective disordercostdisabilityepidemiologyindianational mental health surveyprevalencetreatment gap |
| spellingShingle | Bhavika Vajawat Satish Suhas Sydney Moirangthem Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar Mathew Varghese Gopalkrishna Gururaj Vivek Benegal Girish N. Rao NMHS National Collaborators Group Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study Indian Journal of Psychiatry bipolar affective disorder cost disability epidemiology india national mental health survey prevalence treatment gap |
| title | Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | bipolar affective disorder in india a multi site population based cross sectional study |
| topic | bipolar affective disorder cost disability epidemiology india national mental health survey prevalence treatment gap |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_838_23 |
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