Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries
The increasing global population and, thus, energy demand have made research into renewable energy sources more critical. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been recognized as the most promising technologies for storing energy and effectively addressing this demand. Ca...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-03-01
|
| Series: | Batteries |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/4/123 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850156121503825920 |
|---|---|
| author | Koorosh Nikgoftar Anil Kumar Madikere Raghunatha Reddy Mogalahalli Venkatashamy Reddy Karim Zaghib |
| author_facet | Koorosh Nikgoftar Anil Kumar Madikere Raghunatha Reddy Mogalahalli Venkatashamy Reddy Karim Zaghib |
| author_sort | Koorosh Nikgoftar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing global population and, thus, energy demand have made research into renewable energy sources more critical. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been recognized as the most promising technologies for storing energy and effectively addressing this demand. Carbonaceous materials are the most widespread anode material due to their fascinating features, such as high theoretical capacity, high electrical conductivity, and excellent structural stability. Additionally, these materials’ abundance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness have emphasized the need for further investigation and development. Among these carbon-based materials, graphite (both artificial and natural) stands out as the most ubiquitous anode material due to its layered crystal structure, high mechanical strength, long cycle life, and excellent safety profile, making it ideal for intercalation with lithium and sodium. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted to enhance the efficiency of anodes and, ultimately, the overall performance of batteries. In this review, the role of carbonaceous materials in anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries was comprehensively investigated, focusing on advancements in synthesizing and optimizing artificial graphite. Furthermore, the intercalation mechanism and the factors influencing the electrochemical properties of both LIBs and SIBs were extensively discussed. This work also provides a holistic perspective on the differences between these two types of batteries, highlighting their cost, safety applications, and future potential advancement. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6124d59e7e3e4eb1a22f86c09d918dba |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj-art-6124d59e7e3e4eb1a22f86c09d918dba2025-08-20T02:24:42ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052025-03-0111412310.3390/batteries11040123Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion BatteriesKoorosh Nikgoftar0Anil Kumar Madikere Raghunatha Reddy1Mogalahalli Venkatashamy Reddy2Karim Zaghib3Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, CanadaDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, CanadaNouveau Monde Graphite (NMG), Saint-Michel-des-Saints, QC J0K 3B0, CanadaDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, CanadaThe increasing global population and, thus, energy demand have made research into renewable energy sources more critical. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been recognized as the most promising technologies for storing energy and effectively addressing this demand. Carbonaceous materials are the most widespread anode material due to their fascinating features, such as high theoretical capacity, high electrical conductivity, and excellent structural stability. Additionally, these materials’ abundance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness have emphasized the need for further investigation and development. Among these carbon-based materials, graphite (both artificial and natural) stands out as the most ubiquitous anode material due to its layered crystal structure, high mechanical strength, long cycle life, and excellent safety profile, making it ideal for intercalation with lithium and sodium. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted to enhance the efficiency of anodes and, ultimately, the overall performance of batteries. In this review, the role of carbonaceous materials in anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries was comprehensively investigated, focusing on advancements in synthesizing and optimizing artificial graphite. Furthermore, the intercalation mechanism and the factors influencing the electrochemical properties of both LIBs and SIBs were extensively discussed. This work also provides a holistic perspective on the differences between these two types of batteries, highlighting their cost, safety applications, and future potential advancement.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/4/123lithium-ion batteriessodium-ion batteriesanodenatural graphiteartificial graphitehard/soft carbon |
| spellingShingle | Koorosh Nikgoftar Anil Kumar Madikere Raghunatha Reddy Mogalahalli Venkatashamy Reddy Karim Zaghib Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries Batteries lithium-ion batteries sodium-ion batteries anode natural graphite artificial graphite hard/soft carbon |
| title | Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries |
| title_full | Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries |
| title_short | Carbonaceous Materials as Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries |
| title_sort | carbonaceous materials as anodes for lithium ion and sodium ion batteries |
| topic | lithium-ion batteries sodium-ion batteries anode natural graphite artificial graphite hard/soft carbon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/4/123 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kooroshnikgoftar carbonaceousmaterialsasanodesforlithiumionandsodiumionbatteries AT anilkumarmadikereraghunathareddy carbonaceousmaterialsasanodesforlithiumionandsodiumionbatteries AT mogalahallivenkatashamyreddy carbonaceousmaterialsasanodesforlithiumionandsodiumionbatteries AT karimzaghib carbonaceousmaterialsasanodesforlithiumionandsodiumionbatteries |