Chladni and Fractal Dynamics: Dual Mode Marker to Map Cancer Cell Nucleus Disintegration Phases

Conventional cancer drugs are small molecules that target specific pathways. We introduced PCMS, a 26 kDa supramolecule combining sensors (S), molecular motors (M), and switching molecules (C), integrated within a fourth-generation PAMAM structure (P). PCMS identifies and deactivates cancer cell nuc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Parama Dey, Anup Singhania, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara, Subrata Ghosh, Anirban Bandyopadhyay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Fractal and Fractional
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/9/1/8
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Summary:Conventional cancer drugs are small molecules that target specific pathways. We introduced PCMS, a 26 kDa supramolecule combining sensors (S), molecular motors (M), and switching molecules (C), integrated within a fourth-generation PAMAM structure (P). PCMS identifies and deactivates cancer cell nucleus dynamics. A decade ago, we demonstrated programmable, clock-like interactions among the S-C-M components. In this study, we captured images of fractal patterns formed by chromosomal compartments and developed a theoretical model of their fractal dynamics. We showed that the nucleus behaves like a cavity, producing resonance effects similar to Chladni patterns. When the external agent, PCMS, interacts with this cavity, it generates a fractal pattern. We identified and mapped five key phase transitions that ultimately lead to the breakdown of cancer cell nuclei.
ISSN:2504-3110