New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review
Fungal infections are common in highly immunosuppressed, solid organ transplant recipients. They can be quite difficult to diagnose in a timely manner; thus, we present a review of current studies focusing on broad categories of molecular diagnostics, i.e., metagenomic sequencing, magnetic resonance...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/1/48 |
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| author | Apurva Akkad Neha Nanda |
| author_facet | Apurva Akkad Neha Nanda |
| author_sort | Apurva Akkad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fungal infections are common in highly immunosuppressed, solid organ transplant recipients. They can be quite difficult to diagnose in a timely manner; thus, we present a review of current studies focusing on broad categories of molecular diagnostics, i.e., metagenomic sequencing, magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. We further discuss their syndrome-specific utilization in the diagnosis of fungemia and disseminated disease, pneumonia, and central nervous system infections. We assess the level of evidence of their utility as fungal diagnostics particularly in solid organ transplant recipients using the STARD criteria. In addition, we provide future research directions to substantiate and appropriately utilize these platforms in clinical practice. Directed polymerase chain reaction testing and targeted metagenomic sequencing are being used clinically and show the most promise, though only in conjunction with conventional methods at this time. The majority of these platforms contain limited data, and thus further larger studies are needed in order to properly implement their use. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5ecdc40534b74e74a48c7bf534ff73e5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj-art-5ecdc40534b74e74a48c7bf534ff73e52025-01-24T13:37:21ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2025-01-011114810.3390/jof11010048New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic ReviewApurva Akkad0Neha Nanda1Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1500 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USADivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1500 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USAFungal infections are common in highly immunosuppressed, solid organ transplant recipients. They can be quite difficult to diagnose in a timely manner; thus, we present a review of current studies focusing on broad categories of molecular diagnostics, i.e., metagenomic sequencing, magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. We further discuss their syndrome-specific utilization in the diagnosis of fungemia and disseminated disease, pneumonia, and central nervous system infections. We assess the level of evidence of their utility as fungal diagnostics particularly in solid organ transplant recipients using the STARD criteria. In addition, we provide future research directions to substantiate and appropriately utilize these platforms in clinical practice. Directed polymerase chain reaction testing and targeted metagenomic sequencing are being used clinically and show the most promise, though only in conjunction with conventional methods at this time. The majority of these platforms contain limited data, and thus further larger studies are needed in order to properly implement their use.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/1/48fungal diagnosticstransplant infectious diseasemolecular diagnosticsmetagenomic sequencingmagnetic resonancegas chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Apurva Akkad Neha Nanda New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review Journal of Fungi fungal diagnostics transplant infectious disease molecular diagnostics metagenomic sequencing magnetic resonance gas chromatography |
| title | New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | new diagnostics for fungal infections in transplant infectious disease a systematic review |
| topic | fungal diagnostics transplant infectious disease molecular diagnostics metagenomic sequencing magnetic resonance gas chromatography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/1/48 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT apurvaakkad newdiagnosticsforfungalinfectionsintransplantinfectiousdiseaseasystematicreview AT nehananda newdiagnosticsforfungalinfectionsintransplantinfectiousdiseaseasystematicreview |