How to define and quantify substitution effects in the bioeconomy: a scoping review
Abstract Key message Research on substitution effects in the bioeconomy remains conceptually fragmented and methodologically narrow—focused predominantly on fossil-to-biomass material and energetic substitution, forest-derived biomass, carbon-related metrics, and single-method assessments. This limi...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Annals of Forest Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13595-025-01299-2 |
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