Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance
Abstract Background Low temperatures disrupt nitrogen metabolism in tobacco, resulting in lower nicotine content in the leaves. 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) is a widely used plant growth regulator known for its roles in enhancing cold tolerance and nitrogen metabolism. Nevertheless, it remains unclear w...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06080-1 |
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| author | Haiyang Chen Shuaitao Zhang Jianbo Chang Hongru Wei Hongchen Li Chaoyang Li Junjie Yang Zhengxiong Song Zhaojun Wang Jin Lun Xuelin Zhang Lihua Li Xiaoquan Zhang |
| author_facet | Haiyang Chen Shuaitao Zhang Jianbo Chang Hongru Wei Hongchen Li Chaoyang Li Junjie Yang Zhengxiong Song Zhaojun Wang Jin Lun Xuelin Zhang Lihua Li Xiaoquan Zhang |
| author_sort | Haiyang Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Low temperatures disrupt nitrogen metabolism in tobacco, resulting in lower nicotine content in the leaves. 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) is a widely used plant growth regulator known for its roles in enhancing cold tolerance and nitrogen metabolism. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether EBR enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco. Results To investigate the effects of EBR on leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of ‘Yunyan 87’ flue-cured tobacco, four treatments (foliar spraying of 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg·L− 1 EBR solutions) were performed by using a single-factor randomized complete block design. The result showed that foliar spraying of different concentrations of EBR notably improve the agronomic and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco to varying degrees, as well as increase the total nitrogen and nicotine content in the tobacco leaves. 0.2 mg·L− 1 EBR treatment showed better results, with nicotine content in the middle and upper leaves after curing increasing by 11.11% and 19.90%, respectively, compared to CK. Compared to the single EBR, foliar spraying of EBR compound containing α-Cyclodextrin and Tween 80 prolongs the effect of EBR, promotes the growth and development of tobacco plants. Combining EBR with CaCl2 and ZnSO4·7H2O significantly enhances the cold resistance of tobacco plants. Furthermore, combining EBR with higher concentrations of KH2PO4 is more effective in promoting the maturation and yellowing of the upper leaves than those with lower concentrations. Conclusions This study provides new insights that foliar application of EBR enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance. The integration of EBR with α-Cyclodextrin, Tween 80, CaCl2, ZnSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4 showcases a novel approach to extending the effectiveness of plant growth regulators and improving agricultural sustainability. Furthermore, these findings may be applicable to other cold-sensitive crops, offering broader benefits for improving resilience and productivity under low temperatures. However, the research focuses on two growth cycles, without investigating the long-term impact of EBR on soil health, crop sustainability, and ecosystem. And further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of EBR on enhancing leaf nicotine content. Clinical trial number Not applicable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5c1367cf39c842819814979996be6d53 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-5c1367cf39c842819814979996be6d532025-01-26T12:23:10ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-01-0125111610.1186/s12870-025-06080-1Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress toleranceHaiyang Chen0Shuaitao Zhang1Jianbo Chang2Hongru Wei3Hongchen Li4Chaoyang Li5Junjie Yang6Zhengxiong Song7Zhaojun Wang8Jin Lun9Xuelin Zhang10Lihua Li11Xiaoquan Zhang12College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural UniversitySanmenxia Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco CorporationCollege of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural UniversitySanmenxia Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco CorporationCollege of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural UniversitySanmenxia Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco CorporationLuoyang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco CorporationCollege of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityChina Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., LtdCollege of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityLuoyang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco CorporationCollege of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Low temperatures disrupt nitrogen metabolism in tobacco, resulting in lower nicotine content in the leaves. 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) is a widely used plant growth regulator known for its roles in enhancing cold tolerance and nitrogen metabolism. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether EBR enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco. Results To investigate the effects of EBR on leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of ‘Yunyan 87’ flue-cured tobacco, four treatments (foliar spraying of 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg·L− 1 EBR solutions) were performed by using a single-factor randomized complete block design. The result showed that foliar spraying of different concentrations of EBR notably improve the agronomic and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco to varying degrees, as well as increase the total nitrogen and nicotine content in the tobacco leaves. 0.2 mg·L− 1 EBR treatment showed better results, with nicotine content in the middle and upper leaves after curing increasing by 11.11% and 19.90%, respectively, compared to CK. Compared to the single EBR, foliar spraying of EBR compound containing α-Cyclodextrin and Tween 80 prolongs the effect of EBR, promotes the growth and development of tobacco plants. Combining EBR with CaCl2 and ZnSO4·7H2O significantly enhances the cold resistance of tobacco plants. Furthermore, combining EBR with higher concentrations of KH2PO4 is more effective in promoting the maturation and yellowing of the upper leaves than those with lower concentrations. Conclusions This study provides new insights that foliar application of EBR enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance. The integration of EBR with α-Cyclodextrin, Tween 80, CaCl2, ZnSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4 showcases a novel approach to extending the effectiveness of plant growth regulators and improving agricultural sustainability. Furthermore, these findings may be applicable to other cold-sensitive crops, offering broader benefits for improving resilience and productivity under low temperatures. However, the research focuses on two growth cycles, without investigating the long-term impact of EBR on soil health, crop sustainability, and ecosystem. And further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of EBR on enhancing leaf nicotine content. Clinical trial number Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06080-1NicotineTobacco24-epibrassinolideEBR compoundMature stage |
| spellingShingle | Haiyang Chen Shuaitao Zhang Jianbo Chang Hongru Wei Hongchen Li Chaoyang Li Junjie Yang Zhengxiong Song Zhaojun Wang Jin Lun Xuelin Zhang Lihua Li Xiaoquan Zhang Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance BMC Plant Biology Nicotine Tobacco 24-epibrassinolide EBR compound Mature stage |
| title | Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance |
| title_full | Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance |
| title_fullStr | Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance |
| title_short | Foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance |
| title_sort | foliar application of 24 epibrassinolide enhances leaf nicotine content under low temperature conditions during the mature stage of flue cured tobacco by regulating cold stress tolerance |
| topic | Nicotine Tobacco 24-epibrassinolide EBR compound Mature stage |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06080-1 |
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