Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
Potato has great nutritional and economic importance in agriculture. However, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> represents a significant risk, reducing the yield and quality of potato production. Flesh-colored potato (FCP) extracts show in vitro inhibitory effects against <i>R. solani</...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Sheina Rivas Paola Fincheira Felipe González Christian Santander Sebastián Meier Cledir Santos Boris Contreras Antonieta Ruiz |
| author_facet | Sheina Rivas Paola Fincheira Felipe González Christian Santander Sebastián Meier Cledir Santos Boris Contreras Antonieta Ruiz |
| author_sort | Sheina Rivas |
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| description | Potato has great nutritional and economic importance in agriculture. However, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> represents a significant risk, reducing the yield and quality of potato production. Flesh-colored potato (FCP) extracts show in vitro inhibitory effects against <i>R. solani</i>, although environmental factors may reduce their stability. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SNLs) offer a solution by encapsulating these compounds, preventing degradation, and improving delivery, positioning solid lipid nanoparticles as a promising technology for sustainable extract application. A greenhouse potato assay at two phenological stages under <i>R. solani</i> inoculation was used to evaluate the photosynthetic response (photosynthetic parameters and pigments) to two doses of the nanoencapsulated extract (SNL + FCP). During inoculation and commercial fungicide application, stomatal conductance, the photosynthetic rate, and the internal CO<sub>2</sub> concentration increased compared with those of the non-inoculated control (NT), whereas the nanoencapsulated extract maintained levels similar to those of the NT, suggesting the possible regulation of the photosynthetic defense system. In terms of photosynthetic pigments, SLN + FCP maintained chlorophyll concentrations, unlike those in inoculated plants, which significantly decreased. Component analysis revealed that a lower dose primarily increased chlorophyll B synthesis, whereas a higher dose increased chlorophyll A compared with the inoculated control. These findings suggest an improved response from SLN + FCP to commercial fungicides, particularly with respect to photosynthetic pigments. However, further research is needed, and the results indicate promising potential for the eco-friendly control of phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-5bfba241e5e04aff96a11c89e61e030c2025-01-24T13:46:32ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114215610.3390/plants14020156Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid NanoparticlesSheina Rivas0Paola Fincheira1Felipe González2Christian Santander3Sebastián Meier4Cledir Santos5Boris Contreras6Antonieta Ruiz7Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileLaboratorio de Nanobiotecnología Ambiental, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, ChilePrograma de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Carillanca, Casilla Postal 929, Temuco 4880815, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileNovaseed Ltd.a., Loteo Pozo de Ripio s/n, Parque Ivian II, Puerto Varas 5550000, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChilePotato has great nutritional and economic importance in agriculture. However, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> represents a significant risk, reducing the yield and quality of potato production. Flesh-colored potato (FCP) extracts show in vitro inhibitory effects against <i>R. solani</i>, although environmental factors may reduce their stability. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SNLs) offer a solution by encapsulating these compounds, preventing degradation, and improving delivery, positioning solid lipid nanoparticles as a promising technology for sustainable extract application. A greenhouse potato assay at two phenological stages under <i>R. solani</i> inoculation was used to evaluate the photosynthetic response (photosynthetic parameters and pigments) to two doses of the nanoencapsulated extract (SNL + FCP). During inoculation and commercial fungicide application, stomatal conductance, the photosynthetic rate, and the internal CO<sub>2</sub> concentration increased compared with those of the non-inoculated control (NT), whereas the nanoencapsulated extract maintained levels similar to those of the NT, suggesting the possible regulation of the photosynthetic defense system. In terms of photosynthetic pigments, SLN + FCP maintained chlorophyll concentrations, unlike those in inoculated plants, which significantly decreased. Component analysis revealed that a lower dose primarily increased chlorophyll B synthesis, whereas a higher dose increased chlorophyll A compared with the inoculated control. These findings suggest an improved response from SLN + FCP to commercial fungicides, particularly with respect to photosynthetic pigments. However, further research is needed, and the results indicate promising potential for the eco-friendly control of phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/156<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>nanoencapsulationchlorophyllsphotosynthetic parameters |
| spellingShingle | Sheina Rivas Paola Fincheira Felipe González Christian Santander Sebastián Meier Cledir Santos Boris Contreras Antonieta Ruiz Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Plants <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> nanoencapsulation chlorophylls photosynthetic parameters |
| title | Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
| title_full | Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
| title_short | Assessment of the Photosynthetic Response of Potato Plants Inoculated with <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and Treated with Flesh-Colored Potato Extracts Nanoencapsulated with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
| title_sort | assessment of the photosynthetic response of potato plants inoculated with i rhizoctonia solani i and treated with flesh colored potato extracts nanoencapsulated with solid lipid nanoparticles |
| topic | <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> nanoencapsulation chlorophylls photosynthetic parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/156 |
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