Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and bile salt (BAS) supplementation on lactation performance, health, and gut microbiota in periparturient dairy cows. Fifty-one Holstein dairy cows were selected at d −28 before parturition and blocked into 3 dietary treat...

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Main Authors: Fei-Xiang Fan, Fang-Chao Wu, Zhi-Yao Guo, Hao-Yu Che, Kai-Lun Yang, Hui-Zeng Sun, Jian-Xin Liu, Feng-Fei Gu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Dairy Science
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030225002644
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author Fei-Xiang Fan
Fang-Chao Wu
Zhi-Yao Guo
Hao-Yu Che
Kai-Lun Yang
Hui-Zeng Sun
Jian-Xin Liu
Feng-Fei Gu
author_facet Fei-Xiang Fan
Fang-Chao Wu
Zhi-Yao Guo
Hao-Yu Che
Kai-Lun Yang
Hui-Zeng Sun
Jian-Xin Liu
Feng-Fei Gu
author_sort Fei-Xiang Fan
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and bile salt (BAS) supplementation on lactation performance, health, and gut microbiota in periparturient dairy cows. Fifty-one Holstein dairy cows were selected at d −28 before parturition and blocked into 3 dietary treatments, including the control (CON; n = 17) received a basal diet, whereas the UDCA (n = 17) and BAS groups (n = 17) were supplemented with 10 g/d UDCA and 20 g/d BAS from d −21 to +21, with an observation phase until d +35. Milk yield and composition were recorded weekly, whereas the DMI were measured biweekly. Blood samples were collected at d +7 and +21, whereas rumen fluid and fecal samples were collected at d +21. Milk yield was significantly higher in the UDCA group at d +21 compared with the CON group, whereas on d +28, milk yield was significantly higher in both the UDCA and BAS groups compared with the CON group, and the DMI of the UDCA group showed an increased tendency at prepartum. Plasma nonesterified fatty acids were significantly higher in the BAS group, whereas Ala aminotransferase content were significantly lower in the UDCA group compared with the control. Furthermore, the cholesterol, malondialdehyde, oxidative stress index, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin content were significantly lower in the UDCA and BAS groups. In total, 35, 43, and 45 plasma bile acids (BA) were detected in the control, UDCA, and BAS groups, respectively. Compared with the control, 8 key BA, including UDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, and 5 key BA, including tauro-β-muricholic acid and hyocholic acid, were identified in the UDCA and BAS groups, respectively. The concentrations of total VFA and acetate in the UDCA and BAS groups were higher than that in the CON group, and the concentration of propionate tended to be higher. The β-diversity of both rumen and gut microbiota was significantly higher in the CON, UDCA, and BAS groups, whereas no significant changes were observed in α-diversity. Key rumen VFA-production bacteria, including Prevotella_7, Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001, and Selenomonas, were enriched in the UDCA and BAS groups, along with an increase in beneficial gut microbiota, such as Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, and Caproiciproducen, and a reduction in harmful bacteria, such as Stenotrophomonas and Chryseobacterium. These findings suggest that the observed improvements in production performance and health may be mediated by alterations in peripheral BA and rumen and gut microbiota, offering insights for optimizing the nutrition and health of transitional dairy cows.
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spelling doaj-art-5a8275d7c7d64d819bfa0a7bed10c77d2025-08-20T02:25:30ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022025-06-0110865982599610.3168/jds.2024-26224Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cowsFei-Xiang Fan0Fang-Chao Wu1Zhi-Yao Guo2Hao-Yu Che3Kai-Lun Yang4Hui-Zeng Sun5Jian-Xin Liu6Feng-Fei Gu7Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Animal Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Nutrition for Meat and Milk, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaInstitute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Nutrition for Meat and Milk, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaInstitute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: This study investigated the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and bile salt (BAS) supplementation on lactation performance, health, and gut microbiota in periparturient dairy cows. Fifty-one Holstein dairy cows were selected at d −28 before parturition and blocked into 3 dietary treatments, including the control (CON; n = 17) received a basal diet, whereas the UDCA (n = 17) and BAS groups (n = 17) were supplemented with 10 g/d UDCA and 20 g/d BAS from d −21 to +21, with an observation phase until d +35. Milk yield and composition were recorded weekly, whereas the DMI were measured biweekly. Blood samples were collected at d +7 and +21, whereas rumen fluid and fecal samples were collected at d +21. Milk yield was significantly higher in the UDCA group at d +21 compared with the CON group, whereas on d +28, milk yield was significantly higher in both the UDCA and BAS groups compared with the CON group, and the DMI of the UDCA group showed an increased tendency at prepartum. Plasma nonesterified fatty acids were significantly higher in the BAS group, whereas Ala aminotransferase content were significantly lower in the UDCA group compared with the control. Furthermore, the cholesterol, malondialdehyde, oxidative stress index, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin content were significantly lower in the UDCA and BAS groups. In total, 35, 43, and 45 plasma bile acids (BA) were detected in the control, UDCA, and BAS groups, respectively. Compared with the control, 8 key BA, including UDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, and 5 key BA, including tauro-β-muricholic acid and hyocholic acid, were identified in the UDCA and BAS groups, respectively. The concentrations of total VFA and acetate in the UDCA and BAS groups were higher than that in the CON group, and the concentration of propionate tended to be higher. The β-diversity of both rumen and gut microbiota was significantly higher in the CON, UDCA, and BAS groups, whereas no significant changes were observed in α-diversity. Key rumen VFA-production bacteria, including Prevotella_7, Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001, and Selenomonas, were enriched in the UDCA and BAS groups, along with an increase in beneficial gut microbiota, such as Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, and Caproiciproducen, and a reduction in harmful bacteria, such as Stenotrophomonas and Chryseobacterium. These findings suggest that the observed improvements in production performance and health may be mediated by alterations in peripheral BA and rumen and gut microbiota, offering insights for optimizing the nutrition and health of transitional dairy cows.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030225002644animal healthbile acidgut microbiotaperinatal dairy cow
spellingShingle Fei-Xiang Fan
Fang-Chao Wu
Zhi-Yao Guo
Hao-Yu Che
Kai-Lun Yang
Hui-Zeng Sun
Jian-Xin Liu
Feng-Fei Gu
Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
Journal of Dairy Science
animal health
bile acid
gut microbiota
perinatal dairy cow
title Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
title_full Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
title_fullStr Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
title_full_unstemmed Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
title_short Supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance, health, and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
title_sort supplementation with ursodeoxycholic acid and bile salt benefits lactation performance health and rumen and fecal microbiota of transition dairy cows
topic animal health
bile acid
gut microbiota
perinatal dairy cow
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030225002644
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