Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides
Defining immunogenic domains of viral proteins capable of eliciting a protective immune response is crucial in the development of novel epitope-based prophylactic strategies. This is particularly important for the selective targeting of conserved regions shared among hypervariable viruses. Studying...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/521231 |
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| author | Matteo Castelli Francesca Cappelletti Roberta Antonia Diotti Giuseppe Sautto Elena Criscuolo Matteo Dal Peraro Nicola Clementi |
| author_facet | Matteo Castelli Francesca Cappelletti Roberta Antonia Diotti Giuseppe Sautto Elena Criscuolo Matteo Dal Peraro Nicola Clementi |
| author_sort | Matteo Castelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Defining immunogenic domains of viral proteins capable of eliciting a protective immune response is crucial in the development of novel epitope-based prophylactic strategies. This is particularly important for the selective targeting of conserved regions shared among hypervariable viruses. Studying postinfection and postimmunization sera, as well as cloning and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), still represents the best approach to identify protective epitopes. In particular, a protective mAb directed against conserved regions can play a key role in immunogen design and in human therapy as well. Experimental approaches aiming to characterize protective mAb epitopes or to identify T-cell-activating peptides are often burdened by technical limitations and can require long time to be correctly addressed. Thus, in the last decade many epitope predictive algorithms have been developed. These algorithms are continually evolving, and their use to address the empirical research is widely increasing. Here, we review several strategies based on experimental techniques alone or addressed by in silico analysis that are frequently used to predict immunogens to be included in novel epitope-based vaccine approaches. We will list the main strategies aiming to design a new vaccine preparation conferring the protection of a neutralizing mAb combined with an effective cell-mediated response. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5a4da6b84b8244f3a19878f741e1799a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-5a4da6b84b8244f3a19878f741e1799a2025-02-03T01:27:40ZengWileyClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302013-01-01201310.1155/2013/521231521231Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating PeptidesMatteo Castelli0Francesca Cappelletti1Roberta Antonia Diotti2Giuseppe Sautto3Elena Criscuolo4Matteo Dal Peraro5Nicola Clementi6Microbiology and Virology Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, ItalyLaboratory for Biomolecular Modeling, Institute of Bioingeneering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandMicrobiology and Virology Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, ItalyDefining immunogenic domains of viral proteins capable of eliciting a protective immune response is crucial in the development of novel epitope-based prophylactic strategies. This is particularly important for the selective targeting of conserved regions shared among hypervariable viruses. Studying postinfection and postimmunization sera, as well as cloning and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), still represents the best approach to identify protective epitopes. In particular, a protective mAb directed against conserved regions can play a key role in immunogen design and in human therapy as well. Experimental approaches aiming to characterize protective mAb epitopes or to identify T-cell-activating peptides are often burdened by technical limitations and can require long time to be correctly addressed. Thus, in the last decade many epitope predictive algorithms have been developed. These algorithms are continually evolving, and their use to address the empirical research is widely increasing. Here, we review several strategies based on experimental techniques alone or addressed by in silico analysis that are frequently used to predict immunogens to be included in novel epitope-based vaccine approaches. We will list the main strategies aiming to design a new vaccine preparation conferring the protection of a neutralizing mAb combined with an effective cell-mediated response.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/521231 |
| spellingShingle | Matteo Castelli Francesca Cappelletti Roberta Antonia Diotti Giuseppe Sautto Elena Criscuolo Matteo Dal Peraro Nicola Clementi Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| title | Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides |
| title_full | Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides |
| title_fullStr | Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides |
| title_short | Peptide-Based Vaccinology: Experimental and Computational Approaches to Target Hypervariable Viruses through the Fine Characterization of Protective Epitopes Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of T-Cell-Activating Peptides |
| title_sort | peptide based vaccinology experimental and computational approaches to target hypervariable viruses through the fine characterization of protective epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies and the identification of t cell activating peptides |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/521231 |
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