Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato
<i>Tomato yellow leaf curl virus</i> (TYLCV) poses a significant threat to tomato production, leading to severe yield losses. The current control strategies primarily rely on the use of pesticides, which are often nonselective and costly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify mo...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/53 |
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| author | Liping Huang Yingying Tang Shuaixin Wang Jianbin Chen Jiao Du Shuo Yan Deyong Zhang Xiaobin Shi Yong Liu Fan Li |
| author_facet | Liping Huang Yingying Tang Shuaixin Wang Jianbin Chen Jiao Du Shuo Yan Deyong Zhang Xiaobin Shi Yong Liu Fan Li |
| author_sort | Liping Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Tomato yellow leaf curl virus</i> (TYLCV) poses a significant threat to tomato production, leading to severe yield losses. The current control strategies primarily rely on the use of pesticides, which are often nonselective and costly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify more environmentally friendly alternatives. Dufulin, a novel compound that has been effective in controlling viral diseases in tobacco and rice, has not yet been tested against TYLCV. This study assessed the efficacy of dufulin in controlling TYLCV over a three-year span from 2021 to 2023 through field trials, by monitoring disease symptoms and viral titers. Additionally, this study assessed the expression levels of genes associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR), specifically <i>proteinase inhibitor II</i> (<i>PI II</i>) and <i>non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1</i> (<i>NPR1</i>), using real-time qRT-PCR. The chlorophyll and nitrogen content in the leaves were also measured. Plants treated with dufulin showed reduced symptomatology and lower viral titers compared to the controls. Analysis of gene expression revealed that <i>NPR1</i> was upregulated in the dufulin-treated plants, whereas <i>PI II</i> expression was consistently downregulated in the TYLCV-infected plants. Interestingly, <i>PI II</i> expression increased in the healthy plants following a seven-day post-treatment with dufulin. Moreover, the treated plants exhibited a higher chlorophyll content than the controls, though no significant differences in the nitrogen levels were observed between the dufulin-treated and water-treated plants. Overall, the application of dufulin significantly bolstered the plant’s defense response, effectively reducing TYLCV symptoms and enhancing resistance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-59e18d1f84dc425bb2e22a2f53f36629 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-59e18d1f84dc425bb2e22a2f53f366292025-01-24T13:52:24ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-12-011715310.3390/v17010053Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting TomatoLiping Huang0Yingying Tang1Shuaixin Wang2Jianbin Chen3Jiao Du4Shuo Yan5Deyong Zhang6Xiaobin Shi7Yong Liu8Fan Li9State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, ChinaMARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China<i>Tomato yellow leaf curl virus</i> (TYLCV) poses a significant threat to tomato production, leading to severe yield losses. The current control strategies primarily rely on the use of pesticides, which are often nonselective and costly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify more environmentally friendly alternatives. Dufulin, a novel compound that has been effective in controlling viral diseases in tobacco and rice, has not yet been tested against TYLCV. This study assessed the efficacy of dufulin in controlling TYLCV over a three-year span from 2021 to 2023 through field trials, by monitoring disease symptoms and viral titers. Additionally, this study assessed the expression levels of genes associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR), specifically <i>proteinase inhibitor II</i> (<i>PI II</i>) and <i>non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1</i> (<i>NPR1</i>), using real-time qRT-PCR. The chlorophyll and nitrogen content in the leaves were also measured. Plants treated with dufulin showed reduced symptomatology and lower viral titers compared to the controls. Analysis of gene expression revealed that <i>NPR1</i> was upregulated in the dufulin-treated plants, whereas <i>PI II</i> expression was consistently downregulated in the TYLCV-infected plants. Interestingly, <i>PI II</i> expression increased in the healthy plants following a seven-day post-treatment with dufulin. Moreover, the treated plants exhibited a higher chlorophyll content than the controls, though no significant differences in the nitrogen levels were observed between the dufulin-treated and water-treated plants. Overall, the application of dufulin significantly bolstered the plant’s defense response, effectively reducing TYLCV symptoms and enhancing resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/53TYLCVdufulin<i>NPR1</i> gene<i>PI II</i> genechlorophyllnitrogen |
| spellingShingle | Liping Huang Yingying Tang Shuaixin Wang Jianbin Chen Jiao Du Shuo Yan Deyong Zhang Xiaobin Shi Yong Liu Fan Li Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato Viruses TYLCV dufulin <i>NPR1</i> gene <i>PI II</i> gene chlorophyll nitrogen |
| title | Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato |
| title_full | Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato |
| title_fullStr | Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato |
| title_short | Dufulin Impacts Plant Defense Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Tomato |
| title_sort | dufulin impacts plant defense against tomato yellow leaf curl virus infecting tomato |
| topic | TYLCV dufulin <i>NPR1</i> gene <i>PI II</i> gene chlorophyll nitrogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/53 |
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