Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children
BackgroundAsthma and obesity are both characterized by inflammation. However, the combined impact of these conditions on inflammatory mechanisms in children has not been studied extensively. To address this gap, we investigated the interaction effects of asthma and obesity on inflammation in childre...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Allergy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2024.1536168/full |
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| author | Harshita Shailesh Safa Noor Lena Hayati Antonisamy Belavendra Nicholas Van Panhuys Abdul Badi Abou-Samra Stefan Worgall Ibrahim Janahi Ibrahim Janahi |
| author_facet | Harshita Shailesh Safa Noor Lena Hayati Antonisamy Belavendra Nicholas Van Panhuys Abdul Badi Abou-Samra Stefan Worgall Ibrahim Janahi Ibrahim Janahi |
| author_sort | Harshita Shailesh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAsthma and obesity are both characterized by inflammation. However, the combined impact of these conditions on inflammatory mechanisms in children has not been studied extensively. To address this gap, we investigated the interaction effects of asthma and obesity on inflammation in children.MethodsThe multiplex and singleplex assays were used to measure the levels of circulating cytokines, including IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-33, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and the adipokine leptin, in plasma. The study included 97 children with normal weight and asthma (NW-A), 100 children with overweight/obesity and asthma (OO-A), 100 with overweight/obesity and no asthma (OO), and 67 normal weight children and no asthma (NW). The independent effects of asthma, obesity, and their interaction effect on these inflammatory markers were assessed using multiple regression analysis.ResultsAsthma was associated with the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-33, and TNF-α, and reduced levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 and adipokine, leptin in the circulation. Overweight/obesity was also linked to increased plasma levels of IL-5, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-33, TNF-α, and leptin and decreased levels of IL-10. In addition, obesity and asthma showed a significant interaction effect on the plasma levels of IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-33, TNF-α, and leptin. However, the interaction did not result in a synergistic or additive impact on cytokines, indicating a moderating effect of obesity on inflammation in pediatric asthma.ConclusionBoth asthma and overweight/obesity were independently associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine in children. While the concurrent presence of asthma and obesity altered the inflammatory profile, it did not synergistically amplify the inflammation. These findings challenge the previous view that obesity enhances inflammation in individuals with asthma and highlight the importance of considering both conditions while treating obesity-associated asthma in children. Future studies are necessary to further explore the mechanisms that link obesity and asthma in the pediatric population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-59c1856980344119bb7f71968e30f1ec |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-6101 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Allergy |
| spelling | doaj-art-59c1856980344119bb7f71968e30f1ec2025-01-20T07:20:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Allergy2673-61012025-01-01510.3389/falgy.2024.15361681536168Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in childrenHarshita Shailesh0Safa Noor1Lena Hayati2Antonisamy Belavendra3Nicholas Van Panhuys4Abdul Badi Abou-Samra5Stefan Worgall6Ibrahim Janahi7Ibrahim Janahi8Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, QatarLaboratory of Immunoregulation, Sidra Medicine, Doha, QatarAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar Metabolic Institute, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, QatarDepartment of Pediatrics, Weill Cornel Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Doha, QatarBackgroundAsthma and obesity are both characterized by inflammation. However, the combined impact of these conditions on inflammatory mechanisms in children has not been studied extensively. To address this gap, we investigated the interaction effects of asthma and obesity on inflammation in children.MethodsThe multiplex and singleplex assays were used to measure the levels of circulating cytokines, including IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-33, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and the adipokine leptin, in plasma. The study included 97 children with normal weight and asthma (NW-A), 100 children with overweight/obesity and asthma (OO-A), 100 with overweight/obesity and no asthma (OO), and 67 normal weight children and no asthma (NW). The independent effects of asthma, obesity, and their interaction effect on these inflammatory markers were assessed using multiple regression analysis.ResultsAsthma was associated with the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-33, and TNF-α, and reduced levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 and adipokine, leptin in the circulation. Overweight/obesity was also linked to increased plasma levels of IL-5, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-33, TNF-α, and leptin and decreased levels of IL-10. In addition, obesity and asthma showed a significant interaction effect on the plasma levels of IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-33, TNF-α, and leptin. However, the interaction did not result in a synergistic or additive impact on cytokines, indicating a moderating effect of obesity on inflammation in pediatric asthma.ConclusionBoth asthma and overweight/obesity were independently associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine in children. While the concurrent presence of asthma and obesity altered the inflammatory profile, it did not synergistically amplify the inflammation. These findings challenge the previous view that obesity enhances inflammation in individuals with asthma and highlight the importance of considering both conditions while treating obesity-associated asthma in children. Future studies are necessary to further explore the mechanisms that link obesity and asthma in the pediatric population.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2024.1536168/fullasthmaobesityinflammationcytokinespediatric asthma |
| spellingShingle | Harshita Shailesh Safa Noor Lena Hayati Antonisamy Belavendra Nicholas Van Panhuys Abdul Badi Abou-Samra Stefan Worgall Ibrahim Janahi Ibrahim Janahi Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children Frontiers in Allergy asthma obesity inflammation cytokines pediatric asthma |
| title | Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children |
| title_full | Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children |
| title_fullStr | Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children |
| title_short | Asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children |
| title_sort | asthma and obesity increase inflammatory markers in children |
| topic | asthma obesity inflammation cytokines pediatric asthma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2024.1536168/full |
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