A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions
Abstract Urban greening can reduce concentrations of particulate matter (PM). However, most of the PM is deposited temporarily on foliage and can be removed by precipitation. Due to the unpredictability and randomness of natural rain and the complexity of environmental conditions, the effect of rain...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80071-4 |
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| author | Bingjie Zhang Yi Zhou Magdalena Pawełkowicz Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront Mariia Pismanik Łukasz Wnorowski Zongchi Fu Han Liu Monika Małecka-Przybysz Hanna Moniuszko Chunyang Y. Zhu Arkadiusz Przybysz |
| author_facet | Bingjie Zhang Yi Zhou Magdalena Pawełkowicz Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront Mariia Pismanik Łukasz Wnorowski Zongchi Fu Han Liu Monika Małecka-Przybysz Hanna Moniuszko Chunyang Y. Zhu Arkadiusz Przybysz |
| author_sort | Bingjie Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Urban greening can reduce concentrations of particulate matter (PM). However, most of the PM is deposited temporarily on foliage and can be removed by precipitation. Due to the unpredictability and randomness of natural rain and the complexity of environmental conditions, the effect of rainfall on PM removal from foliage is usually examined using simulated rain. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of natural and simulated rain on washing off PM deposited on the foliage of seventeen plant species (evergreen/deciduous trees and shrubs, herbaceous plants). Regardless of the PM fraction studied, simulated rain washed off a larger fraction of the PM than natural rain. A novel finding is the differential role played by various plant characteristics in determining the effectiveness of PM wash off under natural and simulated rain conditions, with their influence being more pronounced under natural rainfall. The type of rainfall and PM size fraction influenced the effectiveness of the PM wash-off from different plant groups. Natural rain was more effective at removing PM from evergreen trees, while simulated rainfall was more effective at removing PM from deciduous shrubs and herbaceous plants. The results obtained from this study suggest that simulated rain does not reflect the effects of natural precipitation on the processes removing PM from leaves, and therefore should not be used to explain phenomena that occur in realistic conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-596b6ee77cd74dcfba767f73556af547 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-596b6ee77cd74dcfba767f73556af5472025-08-20T02:33:02ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111510.1038/s41598-024-80071-4A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditionsBingjie Zhang0Yi Zhou1Magdalena Pawełkowicz2Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront3Mariia Pismanik4Łukasz Wnorowski5Zongchi Fu6Han Liu7Monika Małecka-Przybysz8Hanna Moniuszko9Chunyang Y. Zhu10Arkadiusz Przybysz11College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW (WULS-SGGW)Department of Biometry, Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS—SGGW)Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS—SGGW)Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS—SGGW)College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural UniversitySection of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS—SGGW)Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS—SGGW)College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural UniversitySection of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS—SGGW)Abstract Urban greening can reduce concentrations of particulate matter (PM). However, most of the PM is deposited temporarily on foliage and can be removed by precipitation. Due to the unpredictability and randomness of natural rain and the complexity of environmental conditions, the effect of rainfall on PM removal from foliage is usually examined using simulated rain. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of natural and simulated rain on washing off PM deposited on the foliage of seventeen plant species (evergreen/deciduous trees and shrubs, herbaceous plants). Regardless of the PM fraction studied, simulated rain washed off a larger fraction of the PM than natural rain. A novel finding is the differential role played by various plant characteristics in determining the effectiveness of PM wash off under natural and simulated rain conditions, with their influence being more pronounced under natural rainfall. The type of rainfall and PM size fraction influenced the effectiveness of the PM wash-off from different plant groups. Natural rain was more effective at removing PM from evergreen trees, while simulated rainfall was more effective at removing PM from deciduous shrubs and herbaceous plants. The results obtained from this study suggest that simulated rain does not reflect the effects of natural precipitation on the processes removing PM from leaves, and therefore should not be used to explain phenomena that occur in realistic conditions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80071-4Air phytoremediationAir pollutantsPrecipitationNatural rainSimulated rain |
| spellingShingle | Bingjie Zhang Yi Zhou Magdalena Pawełkowicz Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront Mariia Pismanik Łukasz Wnorowski Zongchi Fu Han Liu Monika Małecka-Przybysz Hanna Moniuszko Chunyang Y. Zhu Arkadiusz Przybysz A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions Scientific Reports Air phytoremediation Air pollutants Precipitation Natural rain Simulated rain |
| title | A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions |
| title_full | A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions |
| title_fullStr | A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions |
| title_short | A comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash-off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions |
| title_sort | comparative study of foliar particulate matter wash off from plants under natural and simulated rain conditions |
| topic | Air phytoremediation Air pollutants Precipitation Natural rain Simulated rain |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80071-4 |
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