Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere!
The worldwide prevalence of obesity is a key factor involved in the epidemic proportions reached by chronic societal diseases. A revolution in the study of obesity has been the development of imaging techniques for the measurement of its regional distribution. These imaging studies have consistently...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society for the Study of Obesity
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes24043 |
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| author | Jean-Pierre Després Dominic J. Chartrand Adrien Murphy-Després Isabelle Lemieux Natalie Alméras |
| author_facet | Jean-Pierre Després Dominic J. Chartrand Adrien Murphy-Després Isabelle Lemieux Natalie Alméras |
| author_sort | Jean-Pierre Després |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The worldwide prevalence of obesity is a key factor involved in the epidemic proportions reached by chronic societal diseases. A revolution in the study of obesity has been the development of imaging techniques for the measurement of its regional distribution. These imaging studies have consistently reported that individuals with an excess of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were those characterized by the highest cardiometabolic risk. Excess VAT has also been found to be accompanied by ectopic fat deposition. It is proposed that subcutaneous versus visceral obesity can be considered as two extremes of a continuum of adiposity phenotypes with cardiometabolic risk ranging from low to high. The heterogeneity of obesity phenotypes represents a clinical challenge to the evaluation of cardiometabolic risk associated with a given body mass index (BMI). Simple tools can be used to better appreciate its heterogeneity. Measuring waist circumference is a relevant step to characterize fat distribution. Another important modulator of cardiometabolic risk is cardiorespiratory fitness. Individuals with a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness are characterized by a lower accumulation of VAT compared to those with poor fitness. Diet quality and level of physical activity are also key behaviors that substantially modulate cardiometabolic risk. It is proposed that it is no longer acceptable to assess the health risk of obesity using the BMI alone. In the context of personalized medicine, precision lifestyle medicine should be applied to the field of obesity, which should rather be referred to as ‘obesities.’ |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-58dc5128da214b02b6be1ddb009f6c7e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2508-6235 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society for the Study of Obesity |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome |
| spelling | doaj-art-58dc5128da214b02b6be1ddb009f6c7e2025-01-24T03:28:56ZengKorean Society for the Study of ObesityJournal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome2508-62352025-01-0134141310.7570/jomes24043jomes24043Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere!Jean-Pierre Després0Dominic J. Chartrand1Adrien Murphy-Després2Isabelle Lemieux3Natalie Alméras4Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre–Laval University (Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec – Université Laval), Québec, QC, CanadaQuébec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre–Laval University (Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec – Université Laval), Québec, QC, CanadaQuébec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre–Laval University (Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec – Université Laval), Québec, QC, CanadaQuébec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre–Laval University (Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec – Université Laval), Québec, QC, CanadaQuébec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre–Laval University (Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec – Université Laval), Québec, QC, CanadaThe worldwide prevalence of obesity is a key factor involved in the epidemic proportions reached by chronic societal diseases. A revolution in the study of obesity has been the development of imaging techniques for the measurement of its regional distribution. These imaging studies have consistently reported that individuals with an excess of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were those characterized by the highest cardiometabolic risk. Excess VAT has also been found to be accompanied by ectopic fat deposition. It is proposed that subcutaneous versus visceral obesity can be considered as two extremes of a continuum of adiposity phenotypes with cardiometabolic risk ranging from low to high. The heterogeneity of obesity phenotypes represents a clinical challenge to the evaluation of cardiometabolic risk associated with a given body mass index (BMI). Simple tools can be used to better appreciate its heterogeneity. Measuring waist circumference is a relevant step to characterize fat distribution. Another important modulator of cardiometabolic risk is cardiorespiratory fitness. Individuals with a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness are characterized by a lower accumulation of VAT compared to those with poor fitness. Diet quality and level of physical activity are also key behaviors that substantially modulate cardiometabolic risk. It is proposed that it is no longer acceptable to assess the health risk of obesity using the BMI alone. In the context of personalized medicine, precision lifestyle medicine should be applied to the field of obesity, which should rather be referred to as ‘obesities.’http://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes24043health behaviorobesitypopulation healthvisceral obesity |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Pierre Després Dominic J. Chartrand Adrien Murphy-Després Isabelle Lemieux Natalie Alméras Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere! Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome health behavior obesity population health visceral obesity |
| title | Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere! |
| title_full | Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere! |
| title_fullStr | Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere! |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere! |
| title_short | Obesity Phenotypes, Lifestyle Medicine, and Population Health: Precision Needed Everywhere! |
| title_sort | obesity phenotypes lifestyle medicine and population health precision needed everywhere |
| topic | health behavior obesity population health visceral obesity |
| url | http://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes24043 |
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