Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties
Introduction: Intensive research is dedicated to the development of novel biomaterials and medical devices to be used as grafts in reconstructive surgery, with the purpose of enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and durability. A variety of biomaterials, from autologous bone to polymet...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000241311389 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832586461983014912 |
|---|---|
| author | Ismail Zaed Corrado Iaccarino Francesca Faedo Laura Grillini Elisabetta Galassi Alessandro Dotti Angelo Nataloni Francesca Carolina Mannella Andrea Cardia |
| author_facet | Ismail Zaed Corrado Iaccarino Francesca Faedo Laura Grillini Elisabetta Galassi Alessandro Dotti Angelo Nataloni Francesca Carolina Mannella Andrea Cardia |
| author_sort | Ismail Zaed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Intensive research is dedicated to the development of novel biomaterials and medical devices to be used as grafts in reconstructive surgery, with the purpose of enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and durability. A variety of biomaterials, from autologous bone to polymethylmetacrylate, polyether ether ketone, titanium, and calcium-based ceramics are used in cranioplasty. Porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) is reported as a possible material for bone reconstruction, with good signs of biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteointegrative properties. In the present paper we studied the possible antibacterial properties of PHA in a laboratory test in order to provide a possible overview of the occurrence of post-operative infections in PHA cranioplasty. Method: The test method has been designed to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of specimens under dynamic contact conditions to overcome difficulties in ensuring contact of inoculum to the specimen surface. The test was conducted using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 as a bacterial strain. Results: Two experimental sets were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the specimens against two different Staphylococcus aureus concentrations. The first preliminary test (a) verified the antibacterial property at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h of contact time; the second confirmatory test (b) was repeated to verify the antibacterial property at 0, 4, 8 h. In the first experiment, after the first hour of contact, the bacterial inoculum was reduced by 7.96% compared to “inoculum only,” which increased to 26.11% at the second hour, and up to 52.33% after 4 h. In the second experiment, the confirmation test showed that bacterial growth reaches maximum inhibition after 4 h of contact. At 4 h, there was a higher bacterial reduction of 72.93%, which decreased at 8 h (36.45%). Conclusion: Analyzing the growth trend of viable microorganisms under Dynamic Contact Conditions it can be seen that PHA cranioplasty appears to inhibit exponential growth by inducing bacterial stasis in the early hours of contact, reaching a maximum reduction within 4 h, in this adopted experimental condition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-58d0be02909d4fb189737f782febb271 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2280-8000 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-58d0be02909d4fb189737f782febb2712025-01-25T13:03:19ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials2280-80002025-01-012310.1177/22808000241311389Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial propertiesIsmail Zaed0Corrado Iaccarino1Francesca Faedo2Laura Grillini3Elisabetta Galassi4Alessandro Dotti5Angelo Nataloni6Francesca Carolina Mannella7Andrea Cardia8Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of South Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, SwitzerlandUnit of Neurosurgery, University-Hospital of Modena, Modena, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, ItalyDepartment of Development and Engineering Process and Clinical Research Biomedical Sciences, Fin-Ceramica Faenza S.p.a., Faenza, ItalyDepartment of Development and Engineering Process and Clinical Research Biomedical Sciences, Fin-Ceramica Faenza S.p.a., Faenza, ItalyDepartment of Development and Engineering Process and Clinical Research Biomedical Sciences, Fin-Ceramica Faenza S.p.a., Faenza, ItalyDepartment of Development and Engineering Process and Clinical Research Biomedical Sciences, Fin-Ceramica Faenza S.p.a., Faenza, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti,” Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of South Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, SwitzerlandIntroduction: Intensive research is dedicated to the development of novel biomaterials and medical devices to be used as grafts in reconstructive surgery, with the purpose of enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and durability. A variety of biomaterials, from autologous bone to polymethylmetacrylate, polyether ether ketone, titanium, and calcium-based ceramics are used in cranioplasty. Porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) is reported as a possible material for bone reconstruction, with good signs of biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteointegrative properties. In the present paper we studied the possible antibacterial properties of PHA in a laboratory test in order to provide a possible overview of the occurrence of post-operative infections in PHA cranioplasty. Method: The test method has been designed to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of specimens under dynamic contact conditions to overcome difficulties in ensuring contact of inoculum to the specimen surface. The test was conducted using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 as a bacterial strain. Results: Two experimental sets were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the specimens against two different Staphylococcus aureus concentrations. The first preliminary test (a) verified the antibacterial property at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h of contact time; the second confirmatory test (b) was repeated to verify the antibacterial property at 0, 4, 8 h. In the first experiment, after the first hour of contact, the bacterial inoculum was reduced by 7.96% compared to “inoculum only,” which increased to 26.11% at the second hour, and up to 52.33% after 4 h. In the second experiment, the confirmation test showed that bacterial growth reaches maximum inhibition after 4 h of contact. At 4 h, there was a higher bacterial reduction of 72.93%, which decreased at 8 h (36.45%). Conclusion: Analyzing the growth trend of viable microorganisms under Dynamic Contact Conditions it can be seen that PHA cranioplasty appears to inhibit exponential growth by inducing bacterial stasis in the early hours of contact, reaching a maximum reduction within 4 h, in this adopted experimental condition.https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000241311389 |
| spellingShingle | Ismail Zaed Corrado Iaccarino Francesca Faedo Laura Grillini Elisabetta Galassi Alessandro Dotti Angelo Nataloni Francesca Carolina Mannella Andrea Cardia Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials |
| title | Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties |
| title_full | Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties |
| title_fullStr | Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties |
| title_short | Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties |
| title_sort | cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite potential antibacterial properties |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000241311389 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ismailzaed cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT corradoiaccarino cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT francescafaedo cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT lauragrillini cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT elisabettagalassi cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT alessandrodotti cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT angelonataloni cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT francescacarolinamannella cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties AT andreacardia cranioplastyinfectioninporoushydroxyapatitepotentialantibacterialproperties |