Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament
We identify a chain of galaxies along an almost straight line in the nearby Universe with a projected length of ~5 Mpc. The galaxies are distributed within projected distances of only 7–105 kpc from the axis of the identified filament. They have redshifts in a very small range of z = 0.0361−0.0370 s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ada779 |
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| author | M. Arabsalmani S. Roychowdhury B. Schneider V. Springel E. Le Floc’h F. Bournaud A. Burkert J.-C. Cuillandre P.-A. Duc E. Emsellem D. Galárraga-Espinosa E. Pian F. Renaud M. A. Zwaan |
| author_facet | M. Arabsalmani S. Roychowdhury B. Schneider V. Springel E. Le Floc’h F. Bournaud A. Burkert J.-C. Cuillandre P.-A. Duc E. Emsellem D. Galárraga-Espinosa E. Pian F. Renaud M. A. Zwaan |
| author_sort | M. Arabsalmani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We identify a chain of galaxies along an almost straight line in the nearby Universe with a projected length of ~5 Mpc. The galaxies are distributed within projected distances of only 7–105 kpc from the axis of the identified filament. They have redshifts in a very small range of z = 0.0361−0.0370 so that their radial velocities are consistent with galaxy proper motions. The filament galaxies are mainly star forming and have stellar masses in a range of 10 ^9.1 −10 ^10.7 M _⊙ . We search for systems with similar geometrical properties in the full-sky mock galaxy catalog of the MillenniumTNG simulations and find that, although such straight filaments are unusual and rare, they are predicted by ΛCDM simulations (4% incidence). We study the cold H i gas in a 1.3 Mpc section of the filament through H i 21 cm emission line observations and detect 11 H i sources, many more than expected from the H i mass function in a similar volume. They have H i masses 10 ^8.5 −10 ^9.5 M _⊙ and are mostly within ~120 kpc projected distance from the filament axis. None of these H i sources has a confirmed optical counterpart. Their darkness together with their large H i 21 cm line widths indicates that they contain gas that might not yet be virialized. These clouds must be marking the peaks of the dark matter and H i distributions over large scales within the filament. The presence of such gas clouds around the filament spines is predicted by simulations, but this is the first time that the existence of such clouds in a filament is observationally confirmed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-58581768fb1b4abab0d7ad98df41bd3e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-58581768fb1b4abab0d7ad98df41bd3e2025-02-05T15:30:35ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019801L210.3847/2041-8213/ada779Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow FilamentM. Arabsalmani0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-509XS. Roychowdhury1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-4589B. Schneider2V. Springel3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5976-4599E. Le Floc’h4F. Bournaud5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5743-0250A. Burkert6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-9822J.-C. Cuillandre7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-8645P.-A. Duc8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-6284E. Emsellem9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6155-7166D. Galárraga-Espinosa10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-803XE. Pian11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8646-4858F. Renaud12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5073-2267M. A. Zwaan13https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0101-1804Excellence Cluster ORIGINS , Boltzmannstraße 2, 85748 Garching, Germany ; maryam.arabsalmani@origins-cluster.de; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, GermanyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität , Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany; University Observatory Munich (USM) , Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 München, GermanyMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , 70 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Aix Marseille University , CNRS, CNES, LAM, 58, bd Charles Livon -13284 Marseille Cedex, FranceMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, GermanyUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceUniversity Observatory Munich (USM) , Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 München, Germany; Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) , Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceUniversité de Strasbourg , CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, F-67000 Strasbourg, FranceEuropean Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, 85748 Garching, Germany; Univ. Lyon , Univ. Lyon1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, UMR5574, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, FranceMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, GermanyMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany; INAF , Astrophysics and Space Science Observatory, via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyUniversité de Strasbourg , CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study , 5 allée du Général Rouvillois, F-67083 Strasbourg, FranceEuropean Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, 85748 Garching, GermanyWe identify a chain of galaxies along an almost straight line in the nearby Universe with a projected length of ~5 Mpc. The galaxies are distributed within projected distances of only 7–105 kpc from the axis of the identified filament. They have redshifts in a very small range of z = 0.0361−0.0370 so that their radial velocities are consistent with galaxy proper motions. The filament galaxies are mainly star forming and have stellar masses in a range of 10 ^9.1 −10 ^10.7 M _⊙ . We search for systems with similar geometrical properties in the full-sky mock galaxy catalog of the MillenniumTNG simulations and find that, although such straight filaments are unusual and rare, they are predicted by ΛCDM simulations (4% incidence). We study the cold H i gas in a 1.3 Mpc section of the filament through H i 21 cm emission line observations and detect 11 H i sources, many more than expected from the H i mass function in a similar volume. They have H i masses 10 ^8.5 −10 ^9.5 M _⊙ and are mostly within ~120 kpc projected distance from the filament axis. None of these H i sources has a confirmed optical counterpart. Their darkness together with their large H i 21 cm line widths indicates that they contain gas that might not yet be virialized. These clouds must be marking the peaks of the dark matter and H i distributions over large scales within the filament. The presence of such gas clouds around the filament spines is predicted by simulations, but this is the first time that the existence of such clouds in a filament is observationally confirmed.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ada779Large-scale structure of the universeCosmic webDark matter distributionGalaxy formationNeutral hydrogen clouds |
| spellingShingle | M. Arabsalmani S. Roychowdhury B. Schneider V. Springel E. Le Floc’h F. Bournaud A. Burkert J.-C. Cuillandre P.-A. Duc E. Emsellem D. Galárraga-Espinosa E. Pian F. Renaud M. A. Zwaan Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament The Astrophysical Journal Letters Large-scale structure of the universe Cosmic web Dark matter distribution Galaxy formation Neutral hydrogen clouds |
| title | Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament |
| title_full | Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament |
| title_fullStr | Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament |
| title_short | Pearls on a String: Dark and Bright Galaxies on a Strikingly Straight and Narrow Filament |
| title_sort | pearls on a string dark and bright galaxies on a strikingly straight and narrow filament |
| topic | Large-scale structure of the universe Cosmic web Dark matter distribution Galaxy formation Neutral hydrogen clouds |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ada779 |
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