Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage
Abrasive gas jet technologies are efficient and beneficial and are widely used to drill metal and glass substrates. When the inlet pressure is increased, gas jets could be powerful enough to break rock. They have potential uses in coal-bed methane exploration and drilling because of their one-of-a-k...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Geofluids |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9457178 |
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| _version_ | 1832553394285314048 |
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| author | Yong Liu Juan Zhang Tao Zhang Huidong Zhang |
| author_facet | Yong Liu Juan Zhang Tao Zhang Huidong Zhang |
| author_sort | Yong Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abrasive gas jet technologies are efficient and beneficial and are widely used to drill metal and glass substrates. When the inlet pressure is increased, gas jets could be powerful enough to break rock. They have potential uses in coal-bed methane exploration and drilling because of their one-of-a-kind nonliquid jet drilling, which avoids water invasion and borehole collapse. Improving the efficiency of rock breakage using abrasive gas jets is an essential precondition for future coal-bed methane exploration. The nozzle structure is vital to the flow field and erosion rate. Furthermore, optimizing the nozzle structure for improving the efficiency of rock breakage is essential. By combining aerodynamics and by fixing the condition of the nozzle in the drill bit, we design four types of preliminary nozzles. The erosion rates of the four nozzles are calculated by numerical simulation, enabling us to conclude that a nozzle at Mach 3 can induce maximum erosion when the pressure is 25 MPa. Higher pressures cannot improve erosion rates because the shield effect decreases the impact energy. Smaller pressures cannot accelerate erosion rates because of short expansion waves and low velocities of the gas jets. An optimal nozzle structure is promoted with extended expansion waves and less obvious shield effects. To further optimize the nozzle structure, erosion rates at various conditions are calculated using the single-variable method. The optimal nozzle structure is achieved by comparing the erosion rates of different nozzle structures. The experimental results on rock erosion are in good agreement with the numerical simulations. The optimal nozzle thus creates maximum erosion volume and depth. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5817f9517dac4f80b6d80b178df97a36 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1468-8115 1468-8123 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geofluids |
| spelling | doaj-art-5817f9517dac4f80b6d80b178df97a362025-02-03T05:54:01ZengWileyGeofluids1468-81151468-81232018-01-01201810.1155/2018/94571789457178Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock BreakageYong Liu0Juan Zhang1Tao Zhang2Huidong Zhang3State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000 Henan, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000 Henan, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000 Henan, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000 Henan, ChinaAbrasive gas jet technologies are efficient and beneficial and are widely used to drill metal and glass substrates. When the inlet pressure is increased, gas jets could be powerful enough to break rock. They have potential uses in coal-bed methane exploration and drilling because of their one-of-a-kind nonliquid jet drilling, which avoids water invasion and borehole collapse. Improving the efficiency of rock breakage using abrasive gas jets is an essential precondition for future coal-bed methane exploration. The nozzle structure is vital to the flow field and erosion rate. Furthermore, optimizing the nozzle structure for improving the efficiency of rock breakage is essential. By combining aerodynamics and by fixing the condition of the nozzle in the drill bit, we design four types of preliminary nozzles. The erosion rates of the four nozzles are calculated by numerical simulation, enabling us to conclude that a nozzle at Mach 3 can induce maximum erosion when the pressure is 25 MPa. Higher pressures cannot improve erosion rates because the shield effect decreases the impact energy. Smaller pressures cannot accelerate erosion rates because of short expansion waves and low velocities of the gas jets. An optimal nozzle structure is promoted with extended expansion waves and less obvious shield effects. To further optimize the nozzle structure, erosion rates at various conditions are calculated using the single-variable method. The optimal nozzle structure is achieved by comparing the erosion rates of different nozzle structures. The experimental results on rock erosion are in good agreement with the numerical simulations. The optimal nozzle thus creates maximum erosion volume and depth.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9457178 |
| spellingShingle | Yong Liu Juan Zhang Tao Zhang Huidong Zhang Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage Geofluids |
| title | Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage |
| title_full | Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage |
| title_short | Optimal Nozzle Structure for an Abrasive Gas Jet for Rock Breakage |
| title_sort | optimal nozzle structure for an abrasive gas jet for rock breakage |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9457178 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yongliu optimalnozzlestructureforanabrasivegasjetforrockbreakage AT juanzhang optimalnozzlestructureforanabrasivegasjetforrockbreakage AT taozhang optimalnozzlestructureforanabrasivegasjetforrockbreakage AT huidongzhang optimalnozzlestructureforanabrasivegasjetforrockbreakage |