Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion

Peritoneal adhesions following surgical injury remain a major clinical challenge, often resulting in severe complications, such as intestinal obstruction, chronic pain, and infertility. This review systematically integrates recent genomic and molecular biology insights into the pathogenesis of perit...

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Main Authors: Mirela Lungu, Claudiu N. Lungu, Andreea Creteanu, Mihaela C. Mehedinti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Current Issues in Molecular Biology
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/475
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author Mirela Lungu
Claudiu N. Lungu
Andreea Creteanu
Mihaela C. Mehedinti
author_facet Mirela Lungu
Claudiu N. Lungu
Andreea Creteanu
Mihaela C. Mehedinti
author_sort Mirela Lungu
collection DOAJ
description Peritoneal adhesions following surgical injury remain a major clinical challenge, often resulting in severe complications, such as intestinal obstruction, chronic pain, and infertility. This review systematically integrates recent genomic and molecular biology insights into the pathogenesis of peritoneal adhesions, explicitly focusing on molecular pathways, including TGF-β signaling, COX-2-mediated inflammatory responses, fibrinolytic balance (tPA/PAI-1), angiogenesis pathways (VEGF, PDGF), and extracellular matrix remodeling (MMPs/TIMPs). Newly conducted transcriptomic and proteomic analyses highlight distinct changes in gene expression patterns in peritoneal fibroblasts during adhesion formation, pinpointing critical roles for integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin superfamily molecules. Recent studies indicate significant shifts in TGF-β isoforms expression, emphasizing isoform-specific impacts on fibrosis and scarring. These insights reveal substantial knowledge gaps, particularly the differential regulatory mechanisms involved in fibrosis versus normal reparative reperitonealization. Future therapeutic strategies could target these molecular pathways and inflammatory mediators to prevent or reduce adhesion formation. Further research into precise genetic markers and the exploration of targeted pharmacological interventions remain pivotal next steps in mitigating postoperative adhesion formation and improving clinical outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-57745de2b2a34beb86f2fd0f434eddfa2025-08-20T02:24:38ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452025-06-0147647510.3390/cimb47060475Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal AdhesionMirela Lungu0Claudiu N. Lungu1Andreea Creteanu2Mihaela C. Mehedinti3Department of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, RomaniaDepartment of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iași, RomaniaDepartment of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, RomaniaPeritoneal adhesions following surgical injury remain a major clinical challenge, often resulting in severe complications, such as intestinal obstruction, chronic pain, and infertility. This review systematically integrates recent genomic and molecular biology insights into the pathogenesis of peritoneal adhesions, explicitly focusing on molecular pathways, including TGF-β signaling, COX-2-mediated inflammatory responses, fibrinolytic balance (tPA/PAI-1), angiogenesis pathways (VEGF, PDGF), and extracellular matrix remodeling (MMPs/TIMPs). Newly conducted transcriptomic and proteomic analyses highlight distinct changes in gene expression patterns in peritoneal fibroblasts during adhesion formation, pinpointing critical roles for integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin superfamily molecules. Recent studies indicate significant shifts in TGF-β isoforms expression, emphasizing isoform-specific impacts on fibrosis and scarring. These insights reveal substantial knowledge gaps, particularly the differential regulatory mechanisms involved in fibrosis versus normal reparative reperitonealization. Future therapeutic strategies could target these molecular pathways and inflammatory mediators to prevent or reduce adhesion formation. Further research into precise genetic markers and the exploration of targeted pharmacological interventions remain pivotal next steps in mitigating postoperative adhesion formation and improving clinical outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/475peritoneumadhesionadhesion genesperitonitisreintervention
spellingShingle Mirela Lungu
Claudiu N. Lungu
Andreea Creteanu
Mihaela C. Mehedinti
Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
peritoneum
adhesion
adhesion genes
peritonitis
reintervention
title Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion
title_full Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion
title_fullStr Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion
title_full_unstemmed Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion
title_short Integrating Genomics and Molecular Biology in Understanding Peritoneal Adhesion
title_sort integrating genomics and molecular biology in understanding peritoneal adhesion
topic peritoneum
adhesion
adhesion genes
peritonitis
reintervention
url https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/475
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