Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia and its pathology is characterized by deposition of extracellular β-amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and extensive neuron loss. While only a few familial AD cases are due to mutations in three causative genes (APP...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7828049 |
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| author | Weiwei Zhang Bin Jiao Miaojin Zhou Tao Zhou Lu Shen |
| author_facet | Weiwei Zhang Bin Jiao Miaojin Zhou Tao Zhou Lu Shen |
| author_sort | Weiwei Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia and its pathology is characterized by deposition of extracellular β-amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and extensive neuron loss. While only a few familial AD cases are due to mutations in three causative genes (APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2), the ultimate cause behind the rest of the cases, called sporadic AD, remains unknown. Current animal and cellular models of human AD, which are based on the Aβ and tau hypotheses only, partially resemble the familial AD. As a result, there is a pressing need for the development of new models providing insights into the pathological mechanisms of AD and for the discovery of ways to treat or delay the onset of the disease. Recent preclinical research suggests that stem cells can be used to model AD. Indeed, human induced pluripotent stem cells can be differentiated into disease-relevant cell types that recapitulate the unique genome of a sporadic AD patient or family member. In this review, we will first summarize the current research findings on the genetic and pathological mechanisms of AD. We will then highlight the existing induced pluripotent stem cell models of AD and, lastly, discuss the potential clinical applications in this field. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-56d81803e1e741aeb5a6479ce94dd67c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cells International |
| spelling | doaj-art-56d81803e1e741aeb5a6479ce94dd67c2025-02-03T01:25:56ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782016-01-01201610.1155/2016/78280497828049Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future ConcernsWeiwei Zhang0Bin Jiao1Miaojin Zhou2Tao Zhou3Lu Shen4Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, ChinaAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia and its pathology is characterized by deposition of extracellular β-amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and extensive neuron loss. While only a few familial AD cases are due to mutations in three causative genes (APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2), the ultimate cause behind the rest of the cases, called sporadic AD, remains unknown. Current animal and cellular models of human AD, which are based on the Aβ and tau hypotheses only, partially resemble the familial AD. As a result, there is a pressing need for the development of new models providing insights into the pathological mechanisms of AD and for the discovery of ways to treat or delay the onset of the disease. Recent preclinical research suggests that stem cells can be used to model AD. Indeed, human induced pluripotent stem cells can be differentiated into disease-relevant cell types that recapitulate the unique genome of a sporadic AD patient or family member. In this review, we will first summarize the current research findings on the genetic and pathological mechanisms of AD. We will then highlight the existing induced pluripotent stem cell models of AD and, lastly, discuss the potential clinical applications in this field.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7828049 |
| spellingShingle | Weiwei Zhang Bin Jiao Miaojin Zhou Tao Zhou Lu Shen Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns Stem Cells International |
| title | Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns |
| title_full | Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns |
| title_fullStr | Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns |
| title_short | Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Current Challenges and Future Concerns |
| title_sort | modeling alzheimer s disease with induced pluripotent stem cells current challenges and future concerns |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7828049 |
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