Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions
Retention mechanisms involved in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) are influenced by interdependent parameters (temperature, pressure, chemistry of the mobile phase, and nature of the stationary phase), a complexity which makes the selection of a proper stationary phase for a given separation...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5340601 |
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| author | Ramia Z. Al Bakain Yahya Al-Degs Bertyl Andri Didier Thiébaut Jérôme Vial Isabelle Rivals |
| author_facet | Ramia Z. Al Bakain Yahya Al-Degs Bertyl Andri Didier Thiébaut Jérôme Vial Isabelle Rivals |
| author_sort | Ramia Z. Al Bakain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Retention mechanisms involved in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) are influenced by interdependent parameters (temperature, pressure, chemistry of the mobile phase, and nature of the stationary phase), a complexity which makes the selection of a proper stationary phase for a given separation a challenging step. For the first time in SFC studies, Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) was employed to evaluate the chromatographic behavior of eight different stationary phases in a wide range of chromatographic conditions (temperature, pressure, and gradient elution composition). Design of Experiment was used to optimize experiments involving 14 pharmaceutical compounds present in biological and/or environmental samples and with dissimilar physicochemical properties. The results showed the superiority of PARAFAC for the analysis of the three-way (column × drug × condition) data array over unfolding the multiway array to matrices and performing several classical principal component analyses. Thanks to the PARAFAC components, similarity in columns’ function, chromatographic trend of drugs, and correlation between separation conditions could be simply depicted: columns were grouped according to their H-bonding forces, while gradient composition was dominating for condition classification. Also, the number of drugs could be efficiently reduced for columns classification as some of them exhibited a similar behavior, as shown by hierarchical clustering based on PARAFAC components. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-56453e86f4f741809f306311748c30e9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8865 2090-8873 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-56453e86f4f741809f306311748c30e92025-02-03T06:00:20ZengWileyJournal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry2090-88652090-88732017-01-01201710.1155/2017/53406015340601Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational ConditionsRamia Z. Al Bakain0Yahya Al-Degs1Bertyl Andri2Didier Thiébaut3Jérôme Vial4Isabelle Rivals5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 11942, Amman, JordanChemistry Department, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 150459, Zarqa, JordanLaboratory of Analytical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liege (ULg), 15 Avenue Hippocrate (B36), 4000 Liege, BelgiumLaboratoire Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, FranceLaboratoire Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, FranceÉquipe de Statistique Appliquée, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, UMRS 1158, 75005 Paris, FranceRetention mechanisms involved in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) are influenced by interdependent parameters (temperature, pressure, chemistry of the mobile phase, and nature of the stationary phase), a complexity which makes the selection of a proper stationary phase for a given separation a challenging step. For the first time in SFC studies, Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) was employed to evaluate the chromatographic behavior of eight different stationary phases in a wide range of chromatographic conditions (temperature, pressure, and gradient elution composition). Design of Experiment was used to optimize experiments involving 14 pharmaceutical compounds present in biological and/or environmental samples and with dissimilar physicochemical properties. The results showed the superiority of PARAFAC for the analysis of the three-way (column × drug × condition) data array over unfolding the multiway array to matrices and performing several classical principal component analyses. Thanks to the PARAFAC components, similarity in columns’ function, chromatographic trend of drugs, and correlation between separation conditions could be simply depicted: columns were grouped according to their H-bonding forces, while gradient composition was dominating for condition classification. Also, the number of drugs could be efficiently reduced for columns classification as some of them exhibited a similar behavior, as shown by hierarchical clustering based on PARAFAC components.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5340601 |
| spellingShingle | Ramia Z. Al Bakain Yahya Al-Degs Bertyl Andri Didier Thiébaut Jérôme Vial Isabelle Rivals Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry |
| title | Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions |
| title_full | Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions |
| title_short | Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Drugs: Parallel Factor Analysis for Column Testing in a Wide Range of Operational Conditions |
| title_sort | supercritical fluid chromatography of drugs parallel factor analysis for column testing in a wide range of operational conditions |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5340601 |
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