Psychologies ottomanes et turques (1860-1930)

The discipline of psychology in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey between 1860 and 1940 is an interesting field for observing how scholarly knowledge is reorganised and redistributed. The psychology taught in the nineteenth-century Empire was structured by theological taxonomies, and it was dominated by...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Dilek Sarmis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Éditions de la Sorbonne 2019-06-01
Series:Revue d’Histoire des Sciences Humaines
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Online Access:http://journals.openedition.org/rhsh/3010
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Summary:The discipline of psychology in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey between 1860 and 1940 is an interesting field for observing how scholarly knowledge is reorganised and redistributed. The psychology taught in the nineteenth-century Empire was structured by theological taxonomies, and it was dominated by the religious psychology of the nefs (soul). This was the basis from which different branches grew, or broke away, for example psychophysiology, social psychology, and pedagogy; and institutional variations appeared, such as academic theology and experimental laboratories. These psychological knowledges were grouped under the single name of ruhiyat in 1919 (a general and integrative psychology which brought together all these approaches to the study of the psyche). Then, as a result of the university reforms of 1933, which sought to bring to heel politically the world of scholarship - a tendency which began with the transition to Republicanism in 1923 - a line was drawn between experimental psychology and psycho-philosophy. Due to the latter's resistance to opening itself to other knowledge areas, it came to embody Republican expectations for non-theological spiritualities.
ISSN:1963-1022