Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects
Cholesterol crystals (CCs) are a key component of atherosclerotic plaques and play a pivotal role in plaque progression, rupture, and the resulting inflammatory responses. CCs emboli trigger proinflammatory cytokines which can potentially lead to organ damage. Spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | American Heart Journal Plus |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666602225000102 |
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| author | Chikao Yutani Hirotaka Noda Nobuzo Iwa Sei Komatsu Satoru Takahashi Yoshiharu Higuchi Kazuhisa Kodama |
| author_facet | Chikao Yutani Hirotaka Noda Nobuzo Iwa Sei Komatsu Satoru Takahashi Yoshiharu Higuchi Kazuhisa Kodama |
| author_sort | Chikao Yutani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cholesterol crystals (CCs) are a key component of atherosclerotic plaques and play a pivotal role in plaque progression, rupture, and the resulting inflammatory responses. CCs emboli trigger proinflammatory cytokines which can potentially lead to organ damage. Spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques (SRAPs) are frequently observed via non-obstructive general angioscopy (NOGA) in patients with or suspected coronary artery disease. The release of CCs from SRAPs can activate the innate immune system and induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, further exacerbating inflammation. Inflammation levels in SRAPs vary, and the interleukin (IL)-6 ratio may reflect the degree of inflammation. Systemic inflammation induced by CCs may contribute to conditions that may lead to cerebral infarction, and chronic kidney disease. The effects of anti-inflammatory drugs, including IL-6 inhibitors, IL-1β inhibitors, and colchicine, may be evaluated by measuring the IL-6 ratio in SRAPs. This review examined innate immunity mechanisms associated with CCs in SRAPs sampled via NOGA and discussed their systemic impact and potential therapeutic strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-55e760b7f3734b53b2ee06f7c9689367 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-6022 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | American Heart Journal Plus |
| spelling | doaj-art-55e760b7f3734b53b2ee06f7c96893672025-02-05T04:32:42ZengElsevierAmerican Heart Journal Plus2666-60222025-03-0151100507Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effectsChikao Yutani0Hirotaka Noda1Nobuzo Iwa2Sei Komatsu3Satoru Takahashi4Yoshiharu Higuchi5Kazuhisa Kodama6Division of Pathology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Non-Profit Organization Japan Vascular Imaging Research Organization, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Medical Technology, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan; Division Health Sciences, Area of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology/Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanDivision of Pathology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, JapanNon-Profit Organization Japan Vascular Imaging Research Organization, Osaka, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Corresponding author at: Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, 5-4-8, Nishi-kujo, Konohana, Osaka 554-0012, Japan.Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, JapanNon-Profit Organization Japan Vascular Imaging Research Organization, Osaka, Japan; Cardiovascular Division, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, JapanNon-Profit Organization Japan Vascular Imaging Research Organization, Osaka, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, JapanCholesterol crystals (CCs) are a key component of atherosclerotic plaques and play a pivotal role in plaque progression, rupture, and the resulting inflammatory responses. CCs emboli trigger proinflammatory cytokines which can potentially lead to organ damage. Spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques (SRAPs) are frequently observed via non-obstructive general angioscopy (NOGA) in patients with or suspected coronary artery disease. The release of CCs from SRAPs can activate the innate immune system and induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, further exacerbating inflammation. Inflammation levels in SRAPs vary, and the interleukin (IL)-6 ratio may reflect the degree of inflammation. Systemic inflammation induced by CCs may contribute to conditions that may lead to cerebral infarction, and chronic kidney disease. The effects of anti-inflammatory drugs, including IL-6 inhibitors, IL-1β inhibitors, and colchicine, may be evaluated by measuring the IL-6 ratio in SRAPs. This review examined innate immunity mechanisms associated with CCs in SRAPs sampled via NOGA and discussed their systemic impact and potential therapeutic strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666602225000102Innate immunityAortaSpontaneous ruptured aortic plaqueCholesterol crystalsAngioscopy |
| spellingShingle | Chikao Yutani Hirotaka Noda Nobuzo Iwa Sei Komatsu Satoru Takahashi Yoshiharu Higuchi Kazuhisa Kodama Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects American Heart Journal Plus Innate immunity Aorta Spontaneous ruptured aortic plaque Cholesterol crystals Angioscopy |
| title | Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects |
| title_full | Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects |
| title_fullStr | Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects |
| title_short | Hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques: Potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects |
| title_sort | hypothesis on the role of cholesterol crystals in spontaneously ruptured aortic plaques potential triggers for inflammation and systemic effects |
| topic | Innate immunity Aorta Spontaneous ruptured aortic plaque Cholesterol crystals Angioscopy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666602225000102 |
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