COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Background: Severe COVID-19 presents a variety of clinical manifestations associated with inflammatory profiles. People living with HIV (PLWH) could face a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19, depending on their immunosuppression levels. This study describes inflammatory marke...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Nathalia Beatriz Ramos de Sá Karine Venegas Macieira Mariana Rosa Inacio Coelho Milena Neira Goulart Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Leonardo Azevedo da Silva Rosadas Kim Mattos Geraldo Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro Sandra Wagner Cardoso Beatriz Grinsztejn Valdiléa G. Veloso Andressa da Silva Cazote Dalziza Victalina de Almeida Carmem Beatriz Wagner Giacoia-Gripp Fernanda Heloise Côrtes Mariza Gonçalves Morgado |
| author_facet | Nathalia Beatriz Ramos de Sá Karine Venegas Macieira Mariana Rosa Inacio Coelho Milena Neira Goulart Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Leonardo Azevedo da Silva Rosadas Kim Mattos Geraldo Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro Sandra Wagner Cardoso Beatriz Grinsztejn Valdiléa G. Veloso Andressa da Silva Cazote Dalziza Victalina de Almeida Carmem Beatriz Wagner Giacoia-Gripp Fernanda Heloise Côrtes Mariza Gonçalves Morgado |
| author_sort | Nathalia Beatriz Ramos de Sá |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Severe COVID-19 presents a variety of clinical manifestations associated with inflammatory profiles. People living with HIV (PLWH) could face a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19, depending on their immunosuppression levels. This study describes inflammatory markers in COVID-19 clinical outcomes with and without HIV infection. Methods: We analyzed 112 inpatients of the Hospital Center for COVID-19 (INI/FIOCRUZ), including 22 cases of COVID-19 in PLWH (COVID/PLWH group). Plasma samples were tested for a panel of 15 cytokines by Luminex. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from patients’ clinical records. Results: COVID-19 individuals were stratified according to the WHO clinical severity profiles at hospitalization. Significant differences in clinical scores, symptoms (coughs), and the occurrence of HIV infection were found among the groups. Clinical blood parameters and plasma cytokines were analyzed among COVID-19 groups with distinct severity profiles. Critical COVID-19 cases showed higher levels of inflammatory markers (Bilirubin, D-dimer, PCR, and urea, as well as IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, INF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-23, IL-6) than moderate and severe groups. The COVID/PLWH group had lower CD4 counts (64 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>) and cytokine levels than other COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Overall, critically ill COVID-19 patients exhibited heightened inflammatory responses, while COVID/PLWH demonstrated unique immunological characteristics without increased mortality risk. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-55b2a5143eca46d8a825eb680e838dfb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-55b2a5143eca46d8a825eb680e838dfb2025-01-24T13:52:33ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-01-011719110.3390/v17010091COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNathalia Beatriz Ramos de Sá0Karine Venegas Macieira1Mariana Rosa Inacio Coelho2Milena Neira Goulart3Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves4Leonardo Azevedo da Silva Rosadas5Kim Mattos Geraldo6Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro7Sandra Wagner Cardoso8Beatriz Grinsztejn9Valdiléa G. Veloso10Andressa da Silva Cazote11Dalziza Victalina de Almeida12Carmem Beatriz Wagner Giacoia-Gripp13Fernanda Heloise Côrtes14Mariza Gonçalves Morgado15Laboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em IST e AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilLaboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, BrazilBackground: Severe COVID-19 presents a variety of clinical manifestations associated with inflammatory profiles. People living with HIV (PLWH) could face a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19, depending on their immunosuppression levels. This study describes inflammatory markers in COVID-19 clinical outcomes with and without HIV infection. Methods: We analyzed 112 inpatients of the Hospital Center for COVID-19 (INI/FIOCRUZ), including 22 cases of COVID-19 in PLWH (COVID/PLWH group). Plasma samples were tested for a panel of 15 cytokines by Luminex. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from patients’ clinical records. Results: COVID-19 individuals were stratified according to the WHO clinical severity profiles at hospitalization. Significant differences in clinical scores, symptoms (coughs), and the occurrence of HIV infection were found among the groups. Clinical blood parameters and plasma cytokines were analyzed among COVID-19 groups with distinct severity profiles. Critical COVID-19 cases showed higher levels of inflammatory markers (Bilirubin, D-dimer, PCR, and urea, as well as IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, INF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-23, IL-6) than moderate and severe groups. The COVID/PLWH group had lower CD4 counts (64 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>) and cytokine levels than other COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Overall, critically ill COVID-19 patients exhibited heightened inflammatory responses, while COVID/PLWH demonstrated unique immunological characteristics without increased mortality risk.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/91COVID-19HIV-1 infectioncytokinesinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Nathalia Beatriz Ramos de Sá Karine Venegas Macieira Mariana Rosa Inacio Coelho Milena Neira Goulart Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Leonardo Azevedo da Silva Rosadas Kim Mattos Geraldo Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro Sandra Wagner Cardoso Beatriz Grinsztejn Valdiléa G. Veloso Andressa da Silva Cazote Dalziza Victalina de Almeida Carmem Beatriz Wagner Giacoia-Gripp Fernanda Heloise Côrtes Mariza Gonçalves Morgado COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Viruses COVID-19 HIV-1 infection cytokines inflammation |
| title | COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_full | COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_short | COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers in a Cohort from a Reference Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_sort | covid 19 and hiv clinical outcomes and inflammatory markers in a cohort from a reference hospital in rio de janeiro brazil |
| topic | COVID-19 HIV-1 infection cytokines inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/91 |
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