Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China
Abstract Background Self-care, a process of maintaining health through health-promoting practices and managing illness, is pivotal for the management of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore the self-care level and investigate its socio-demographic and clinical determinants among Chinese adul...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21622-w |
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| author | Xuefen Lan Xiaozhen Ji Xiaojia Zheng Xiaoyu Ding Hongyi Mou Shunfei Lu Bin Ye |
| author_facet | Xuefen Lan Xiaozhen Ji Xiaojia Zheng Xiaoyu Ding Hongyi Mou Shunfei Lu Bin Ye |
| author_sort | Xuefen Lan |
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| description | Abstract Background Self-care, a process of maintaining health through health-promoting practices and managing illness, is pivotal for the management of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore the self-care level and investigate its socio-demographic and clinical determinants among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we enrolled 495 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes from the outpatient departments of three tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. The Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI) was used to measure self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management as three critical components of the dynamic self-care process. Self-care self-efficacy is a critical factor affecting the self-care process, which was measured by the SCODI. Multiple quantile regression models were employed to identify the determinants of each self-care component and self-care self-efficacy. Results Participants had a median age of 62 years, of whom 55.4% were male. The median scores for self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management were 66.67 (50.00-85.42), 47.06 (32.35–58.82), and 53.13 (34.38–68.75), respectively, whereas the median score for self-care self-efficacy was 70.45 (52.27–84.09). Living in the southwest of Zhejiang province and having lower self-care self-efficacy were associated with lower self-care maintenance. Female gender, belonging to minorities, having complications, not attending diabetes self-management education in the last year, living in the southwest of Zhejiang province, and having lower self-care self-efficacy were associated with lower self-care monitoring. Having complications, using insulin, living in the southwest of Zhejiang province, and having lower self-care self-efficacy were associated with a lower level of self-care management. Living in the southwest of Zhejiang province was associated with lower self-care self-efficacy. Conclusions/interpretation The findings of this study provide invaluable insights into the factors affecting self-care among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. By enhancing self-care self-efficacy and participating in diabetes self-management education, healthcare providers can develop tailored self-care interventions to improve diabetes care, particularly for adults with type 2 diabetes who are female, belong to minority groups, have complications, use insulin, or reside in the southwest of Zhejiang province. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5571448fb7334ec7b9788c9ce37f2b33 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-5571448fb7334ec7b9788c9ce37f2b332025-02-02T12:46:14ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111110.1186/s12889-025-21622-wSocio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, ChinaXuefen Lan0Xiaozhen Ji1Xiaojia Zheng2Xiaoyu Ding3Hongyi Mou4Shunfei Lu5Bin Ye6Nursing Department, Medicine College, Lishui UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Lishui People’s HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Lishui People’s HospitalEmergency Medicine Center, Internal Medicine General Ward, Jinhua Municipal Center HospitalHepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityMedicine College, Lishui UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Lishui People’s HospitalAbstract Background Self-care, a process of maintaining health through health-promoting practices and managing illness, is pivotal for the management of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore the self-care level and investigate its socio-demographic and clinical determinants among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we enrolled 495 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes from the outpatient departments of three tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. The Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI) was used to measure self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management as three critical components of the dynamic self-care process. Self-care self-efficacy is a critical factor affecting the self-care process, which was measured by the SCODI. Multiple quantile regression models were employed to identify the determinants of each self-care component and self-care self-efficacy. Results Participants had a median age of 62 years, of whom 55.4% were male. The median scores for self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management were 66.67 (50.00-85.42), 47.06 (32.35–58.82), and 53.13 (34.38–68.75), respectively, whereas the median score for self-care self-efficacy was 70.45 (52.27–84.09). Living in the southwest of Zhejiang province and having lower self-care self-efficacy were associated with lower self-care maintenance. Female gender, belonging to minorities, having complications, not attending diabetes self-management education in the last year, living in the southwest of Zhejiang province, and having lower self-care self-efficacy were associated with lower self-care monitoring. Having complications, using insulin, living in the southwest of Zhejiang province, and having lower self-care self-efficacy were associated with a lower level of self-care management. Living in the southwest of Zhejiang province was associated with lower self-care self-efficacy. Conclusions/interpretation The findings of this study provide invaluable insights into the factors affecting self-care among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. By enhancing self-care self-efficacy and participating in diabetes self-management education, healthcare providers can develop tailored self-care interventions to improve diabetes care, particularly for adults with type 2 diabetes who are female, belong to minority groups, have complications, use insulin, or reside in the southwest of Zhejiang province.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21622-wSelf-careSelf-care self-efficacySelf-managementType 2 diabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Xuefen Lan Xiaozhen Ji Xiaojia Zheng Xiaoyu Ding Hongyi Mou Shunfei Lu Bin Ye Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China BMC Public Health Self-care Self-care self-efficacy Self-management Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title | Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China |
| title_full | Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China |
| title_fullStr | Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China |
| title_short | Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China |
| title_sort | socio demographic and clinical determinants of self care in adults with type 2 diabetes a multicenter cross sectional study in zhejiang province china |
| topic | Self-care Self-care self-efficacy Self-management Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21622-w |
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