First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44
Quasar feedback may play a key role in the evolution of massive galaxies. The dust-reddened quasar F2M110648.35+480712 at z = 0.4352 is one of the few cases at its redshift that exhibits powerful quasar feedback through bipolar outflows. Our new observation with the integral field unit mode of the N...
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| author | Weizhe Liu Sylvain Veilleux Swetha Sankar David S. N. Rupke Nadia L. Zakamska Dominika Wylezalek Andrey Vayner Caroline Bertemes Yuzo Ishikawa Yu-Ching Chen Jenny E. Greene Timothy Heckman Guilin Liu Hsiao-Wen Chen Dieter Lutz Sean D. Johnson Nicole P. H. Nesvadba Patrick Ogle Nadiia Diachenko Andy D. Goulding Kevin N. Hainline Fred Hamann Hui Xian Grace Lim Nora Lützgendorf Vincenzo Mainieri Ryan McCrory Grey Murphree Lu Shen Eckhard Sturm Lillian Whitesell |
| author_facet | Weizhe Liu Sylvain Veilleux Swetha Sankar David S. N. Rupke Nadia L. Zakamska Dominika Wylezalek Andrey Vayner Caroline Bertemes Yuzo Ishikawa Yu-Ching Chen Jenny E. Greene Timothy Heckman Guilin Liu Hsiao-Wen Chen Dieter Lutz Sean D. Johnson Nicole P. H. Nesvadba Patrick Ogle Nadiia Diachenko Andy D. Goulding Kevin N. Hainline Fred Hamann Hui Xian Grace Lim Nora Lützgendorf Vincenzo Mainieri Ryan McCrory Grey Murphree Lu Shen Eckhard Sturm Lillian Whitesell |
| author_sort | Weizhe Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quasar feedback may play a key role in the evolution of massive galaxies. The dust-reddened quasar F2M110648.35+480712 at z = 0.4352 is one of the few cases at its redshift that exhibits powerful quasar feedback through bipolar outflows. Our new observation with the integral field unit mode of the Near-infrared Spectrograph on board JWST opens a new window to examine this spectacular outflow through the Pa α emission line with ~3× better spatial resolution than previous work. The morphology and kinematics of the Pa α nebula confirm the existence of a bipolar outflow extending on a scale of ∼17 × 14 kpc and with a velocity reaching ∼1100 km s ^−1 . The higher spatial resolution of our new observation leads to more reliable measurements of outflow kinematics. Considering only the spatially resolved outflow and assuming an electron density of 100 cm ^−2 , the mass, momentum, and kinetic energy outflow rates are ∼50–210 M _⊙ yr ^−1 , ∼(0.3–1.7) × 10 ^36 dynes (∼14%–78% of the quasar photon momentum flux), and ∼(0.16–1.27) × 10 ^44 erg s ^−1 (∼0.02%–0.20% of the quasar bolometric luminosity), respectively. The local instantaneous outflow rates generally decrease radially. We infer that the quasar is powerful enough to drive the outflow, while stellar processes cannot be overlooked as a contributing energy source. The mass outflow rate is ∼0.4–1.5 times the star formation rate, and the ratio of kinetic energy outflow rate to the quasar bolometric luminosity is comparable to the minimum value required for negative quasar feedback in simulations. This outflow may help regulate the star formation activity within the system to some extent. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-55134828fe3047bd975749a982007188 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-55134828fe3047bd975749a9820071882025-02-03T10:08:28ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-0198013110.3847/1538-4357/ada772First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44Weizhe Liu0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3762-7344Sylvain Veilleux1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3158-6820Swetha Sankar2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-8325David S. N. Rupke3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1608-7564Nadia L. Zakamska4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6100-6869Dominika Wylezalek5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2212-6045Andrey Vayner6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0710-3729Caroline Bertemes7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6948-1485Yuzo Ishikawa8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-5231Yu-Ching Chen9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-1298Jenny E. Greene10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-3427Timothy Heckman11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6670-6370Guilin Liu12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-7927Hsiao-Wen Chen13https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-4182Dieter Lutz14https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-9582Sean D. Johnson15https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9487-8583Nicole P. H. Nesvadba16https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5783-6544Patrick Ogle17https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-981XNadiia Diachenko18https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5128-2159Andy D. Goulding19https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-663XKevin N. Hainline20https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-8239Fred Hamann21Hui Xian Grace Lim22Nora Lützgendorf23https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6126-5238Vincenzo Mainieri24https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1047-9583Ryan McCrory25Grey Murphree26https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7266-8914Lu Shen27https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9495-7759Eckhard Sturm28https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0018-3666Lillian Whitesell29Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; wzliu@arizona.eduDepartment of Astronomy and Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Bloomberg Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Physics, Rhodes College , Memphis, TN 38112, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Bloomberg Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Advanced Study , Princeton, NJ 08540, USAZentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg , Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Mönchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, GermanyIPAC, California Institute of Technology , 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAZentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg , Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Mönchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, GermanyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Bloomberg Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Bloomberg Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Bloomberg Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USACAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik , Gießenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, GermanyDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAUniversité de la Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, Nice cedex 4 F-06304, FranceSpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700, San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Bloomberg Center, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, CA 92521, USADepartment of Physics, Rhodes College , Memphis, TN 38112, USAEuropean Space Agency, Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD, USAEuropean Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Rhodes College , Memphis, TN 38112, USADepartment of Physics, Rhodes College , Memphis, TN 38112, USA; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i , Honolulu, HI 96822, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA; George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik , Gießenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, GermanyDepartment of Physics, Rhodes College , Memphis, TN 38112, USAQuasar feedback may play a key role in the evolution of massive galaxies. The dust-reddened quasar F2M110648.35+480712 at z = 0.4352 is one of the few cases at its redshift that exhibits powerful quasar feedback through bipolar outflows. Our new observation with the integral field unit mode of the Near-infrared Spectrograph on board JWST opens a new window to examine this spectacular outflow through the Pa α emission line with ~3× better spatial resolution than previous work. The morphology and kinematics of the Pa α nebula confirm the existence of a bipolar outflow extending on a scale of ∼17 × 14 kpc and with a velocity reaching ∼1100 km s ^−1 . The higher spatial resolution of our new observation leads to more reliable measurements of outflow kinematics. Considering only the spatially resolved outflow and assuming an electron density of 100 cm ^−2 , the mass, momentum, and kinetic energy outflow rates are ∼50–210 M _⊙ yr ^−1 , ∼(0.3–1.7) × 10 ^36 dynes (∼14%–78% of the quasar photon momentum flux), and ∼(0.16–1.27) × 10 ^44 erg s ^−1 (∼0.02%–0.20% of the quasar bolometric luminosity), respectively. The local instantaneous outflow rates generally decrease radially. We infer that the quasar is powerful enough to drive the outflow, while stellar processes cannot be overlooked as a contributing energy source. The mass outflow rate is ∼0.4–1.5 times the star formation rate, and the ratio of kinetic energy outflow rate to the quasar bolometric luminosity is comparable to the minimum value required for negative quasar feedback in simulations. This outflow may help regulate the star formation activity within the system to some extent.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada772Active galactic nucleiQuasars |
| spellingShingle | Weizhe Liu Sylvain Veilleux Swetha Sankar David S. N. Rupke Nadia L. Zakamska Dominika Wylezalek Andrey Vayner Caroline Bertemes Yuzo Ishikawa Yu-Ching Chen Jenny E. Greene Timothy Heckman Guilin Liu Hsiao-Wen Chen Dieter Lutz Sean D. Johnson Nicole P. H. Nesvadba Patrick Ogle Nadiia Diachenko Andy D. Goulding Kevin N. Hainline Fred Hamann Hui Xian Grace Lim Nora Lützgendorf Vincenzo Mainieri Ryan McCrory Grey Murphree Lu Shen Eckhard Sturm Lillian Whitesell First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44 The Astrophysical Journal Active galactic nuclei Quasars |
| title | First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44 |
| title_full | First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44 |
| title_fullStr | First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44 |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44 |
| title_short | First Results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: The Fast Outflow in a Red Quasar at z = 0.44 |
| title_sort | first results from the jwst early release science program q3d the fast outflow in a red quasar at z 0 44 |
| topic | Active galactic nuclei Quasars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada772 |
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