Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia
The global and local climate changes determine the producing of highly-adaptive common (bread) wheat commercial cultivars of a new generation whose optimal earliness matches the climatic features of the territory where the cultivars are farmed. Principal component analysis involving our own and publ...
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| Language: | English |
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Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3536 |
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| author | S. E. Smolenskaya V. M. Efimov Y. V. Kruchinina B. F. Nemtsev G. Y. Chepurnov E. S. Ovchinnikova I. A. Belan E. V. Zuev Chenxi Zhou V. V. Piskarev N. P. Goncharov |
| author_facet | S. E. Smolenskaya V. M. Efimov Y. V. Kruchinina B. F. Nemtsev G. Y. Chepurnov E. S. Ovchinnikova I. A. Belan E. V. Zuev Chenxi Zhou V. V. Piskarev N. P. Goncharov |
| author_sort | S. E. Smolenskaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The global and local climate changes determine the producing of highly-adaptive common (bread) wheat commercial cultivars of a new generation whose optimal earliness matches the climatic features of the territory where the cultivars are farmed. Principal component analysis involving our own and published data has been applied to investigate 98 commercial common wheat cultivars from Western and Eastern Siberia comparing their morphotypes; cultivar zoning time; length of the vegetation period; 1000-grain weight, and inheritance of spring growth habit. It demonstrated that the dominant Vrn gene polymorphism determining the spring growth habit of the Siberian cultivars was minimally polymorphic. In 75 % of the tested cultivars, the spring growth habit was controlled by digenic, namely dominant Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B1 genes. In 25 % of them (24 cultivars), spring growth habit is controlled by a single gene. In 19 and 5 of these cultivars spring growth habit is controlled by only one dominant gene, Vrn-B1 or Vrn-A1, respectively. In cv. Tulun 15, a trigenic control was identified. A conclusion about the optimality of the digenic control for the climatic conditions of both Western and Eastern Siberia has been confirmed. However, since none of the tested cultivars had the dominant Vrn-D1 gene typical of the regions of China and Central Asia bordering Siberia, it can be considered as an additional argument in favor of the European origin of Siberian common wheat cultivars. The revealed high frequency of the Vrn-B1c allele in the Western Siberian cultivars and the Vrn-B1a allele in the Eastern Siberian cultivars suggests their selectivity. The analysis also confirmed the dominance of red glume (ferrugineum, milturum) and awned spike (ferrugineum, erythrospermum) varieties in the Eastern Siberian cultivars, and white glume and awnedless spike (lutescens and albidum) ones in the Western Siberian cultivars. Small grain size cultivars are more typical of Eastern than Western Siberia. The retrospective analysis based on the cultivars’ zoning time included in the “State Register for Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage” brought us to the conclusion that the earliness/lateness of modern Siberian commercial cultivars was not regionally but rather zonally-associated (taiga, subtaiga, forest-steppe and steppe zones). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-550b0ad301d743249d76b1b4f675030c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-550b0ad301d743249d76b1b4f675030c2025-02-01T09:58:11ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592022-11-0126766267410.18699/VJGB-22-811303Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern SiberiaS. E. Smolenskaya0V. M. Efimov1Y. V. Kruchinina2B. F. Nemtsev3G. Y. Chepurnov4E. S. Ovchinnikova5I. A. Belan6E. V. Zuev7Chenxi Zhou8V. V. Piskarev9N. P. Goncharov10Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesOmsk Agrarian Scientific CenterFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Novosibirsk State UniversitySiberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityThe global and local climate changes determine the producing of highly-adaptive common (bread) wheat commercial cultivars of a new generation whose optimal earliness matches the climatic features of the territory where the cultivars are farmed. Principal component analysis involving our own and published data has been applied to investigate 98 commercial common wheat cultivars from Western and Eastern Siberia comparing their morphotypes; cultivar zoning time; length of the vegetation period; 1000-grain weight, and inheritance of spring growth habit. It demonstrated that the dominant Vrn gene polymorphism determining the spring growth habit of the Siberian cultivars was minimally polymorphic. In 75 % of the tested cultivars, the spring growth habit was controlled by digenic, namely dominant Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B1 genes. In 25 % of them (24 cultivars), spring growth habit is controlled by a single gene. In 19 and 5 of these cultivars spring growth habit is controlled by only one dominant gene, Vrn-B1 or Vrn-A1, respectively. In cv. Tulun 15, a trigenic control was identified. A conclusion about the optimality of the digenic control for the climatic conditions of both Western and Eastern Siberia has been confirmed. However, since none of the tested cultivars had the dominant Vrn-D1 gene typical of the regions of China and Central Asia bordering Siberia, it can be considered as an additional argument in favor of the European origin of Siberian common wheat cultivars. The revealed high frequency of the Vrn-B1c allele in the Western Siberian cultivars and the Vrn-B1a allele in the Eastern Siberian cultivars suggests their selectivity. The analysis also confirmed the dominance of red glume (ferrugineum, milturum) and awned spike (ferrugineum, erythrospermum) varieties in the Eastern Siberian cultivars, and white glume and awnedless spike (lutescens and albidum) ones in the Western Siberian cultivars. Small grain size cultivars are more typical of Eastern than Western Siberia. The retrospective analysis based on the cultivars’ zoning time included in the “State Register for Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage” brought us to the conclusion that the earliness/lateness of modern Siberian commercial cultivars was not regionally but rather zonally-associated (taiga, subtaiga, forest-steppe and steppe zones).https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3536common wheat<i>vrn</i> genescommercial and local cultivarsearlinessmorphotypebreeding |
| spellingShingle | S. E. Smolenskaya V. M. Efimov Y. V. Kruchinina B. F. Nemtsev G. Y. Chepurnov E. S. Ovchinnikova I. A. Belan E. V. Zuev Chenxi Zhou V. V. Piskarev N. P. Goncharov Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции common wheat <i>vrn</i> genes commercial and local cultivars earliness morphotype breeding |
| title | Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia |
| title_full | Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia |
| title_fullStr | Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia |
| title_short | Earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of Western and Eastern Siberia |
| title_sort | earliness and morphotypes of common wheat cultivars of western and eastern siberia |
| topic | common wheat <i>vrn</i> genes commercial and local cultivars earliness morphotype breeding |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3536 |
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